“Kuo Mo-jo's "The goddesses" : creative confrontation with Tagore, Whitman and Goethe” (Publication, 1986)
Year
1986
Text
Gálik, Marián. Kuo Mo-jo's "The goddesses" : creative confrontation with Tagore, Whitman and Goethe. In : Gálik, Marián. Milestones in Sino-Western literary confrontation, 1898-1979. – Wiesbaden : Harrassowitz, 1986. (Asiatische Forschungen ; Bd. 98). [Guo Moruo]. (WhiW56)
Type
Publication
Contributors (1)
Gálik, Marián
(Igram, Slowakei 1933-) : Professor Slovak Academy of Sciences Bratislava, Institute of Oriental and African Studies
Mentioned People (4)
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von
(Frankfurt a.M. 1749-1832 Weimar) : Schriftsteller, Dichter, Dramatiker
Guo, Moruo
(Leshan, Sichuan 1892-1976 Beijing) : Schriftsteller, Dichter, Dramatiker, Übersetzer, Politiker, Präsident Chinese Academy of Sciences
Tagore, Rabindranath
(Calcutta 1861-1941 Calcutta) : Bengalischer Schriftsteller
Whitman, Walt
(Long Island, New York 1819-1892 Camden, N.J.) : Dichter, Schriftsteller, Journalist
Subjects
Literature : China
/
Literature : Occident : United States of America
/
Periods : China : Republic (1912-1949)
/
References / Sources
/
Sinology and Asian Studies : Europe : Czech Republic
/
Sinology and Asian Studies : Europe : Czechoslovakia
Chronology Entries (8)
| # | Year | Text | Linked Data |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1908 | Guo Moruo liest Ivanhoe von Sir Walter Scott. |
|
| 2 | 1913-1923 |
Guo Moruo studiert Medizin und ab 1915 Englisch, Deutsch und Lateinisch in Tokyo. 1913 liest er The arrow and the song von H.W. Longfellow. 1916 beginnt er sich für Literatur zu interessieren und liest Rabindranath Tagore, Dichtung und Wahrheit von Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, William Shakespeare, Walt Whitman, Mozart auf der Reise nach Prag von Eduard Mörike, Ibsen, Dostoyevsky, Nietzsche und Spinoza. 1919 liest er Hangyakusha von Arishima Takeo. Darin enthalten sind August Rodin, Jean-François Millet und Walt Whitman. |
|
| 3 | 1919.2 |
Guo, Moruo. Fei tu. [Hymne an die Banditen]. Among the 'bandits' just alluded to, he also ranked Cromwell, Washington and José Rizal as political revolutionaries. Buddha, Mozi and Luther as religious revolutionaires. Copernicus, Darwin and Nietzsche as revolutionaries in the realm of science and scholarship. Rodin, Whitman and Tolstoy as revolutionaries in the field of art and literature. Rousseau, Pestalozzi and Tagore as revolutionaries in the domain of pedagogy. |
|
| 4 | 1921 |
Guo Moruo. Nü shen = The goddesses [ID D11264]. Guo Moruo : "It was Whitman who made me crazy about writing poems. It was in the year when the May 4th Movement broke out that I first touched his Leaves of grass. Reading his poems, I came to see what to write and how to voice my personal troubles and the nation's sufferings. His poems almost made me mad. Thus, it was possible for me to have the first poetry collection The goddesses published." [Enthält] : Guo, Moruo. Chen an. [Good morning]. I greet you with a Good Morning, Atlantic Ocean Flanked to the new World, Graves of Washington, of Lincoln and of Whitman. Whitman, Whitman ! Whitman who was similar to Pacific ! Pacific Ocean !... Sekundärliteratur 1929 Caochuan, Weiyu [Zhang, Xiuzhong]. Zhongguo xin shi tan di zuo ri jin ri he ming ri. (Beijing : Hai yin shu ju, 1929). [China's new poetry]. 中國新詩壇的昨日今日和明日 Caochuan denigrates Guo Moruo's Whitmanesque poems, claiming the The goddesses [ID D11264] is a failure for two main reasons : abstractness and verbosity. 2002 Liu Rongqiang : To Guo Moruo, Whitman believed that all things that exist are equally divine, and all are God's self-expressions. Such ideas became significant for Guo when his concerns turned to China's movement toward becoming a nation building up a democratic system. Reading Leaves of grass, he was inspired by Whitman's embrace of democracy, individualism, and science. He found that what Whitman exalted was identical to the ideals in China in his day, and he came to believe that Whitman's poetic techniques were the best way to express those ideals. Under Whitman's influence, Guo became a pioneer in writing Chinese vernacular poems. He exalted democracy, individual emancipation, and science in many of his poems, and he also made creative use of Whitman's dynamic techniques, including repetition, parallelism, enumeration, and even foreign words. 2006 Yang Liping : Guo Moruo was intoxicated for a time by Walt Whitman's stormy poems in Leaves of grass. These poems offered him an ideal form for expressing his strong sentiments about himself and China, and directly inspired him to pen such 'masculine and violent poems'. Guo was fascinated with Whitman's poetry : Whitman's style, which has broken with all conventional rules, is by and large in tune with the spirit of 'Sturm und Drang' sweeping across China during the May fourth and New Culture movements. Under the influence of Whitman, Guo paid little attention to rhyming and broke away from the metrical stricture of traditional Chinese poetics. Both Whitman and Guo attached great importance to spontaneity in emotional expression in their poetry and believed that the spirit of a poem always takes precedence over the letter. |
|
| 5 | 1932 |
Guo, Moruo. Chuang zao shi nian [ID D11361]. "Ich habe unter Johann Wolfgang von Goethes Einfluss begonnen, Versdramen zu schreiben. Nachdem ich den ersten Teil des Faust übersetzt habe, ging ich anschliessend daran, Tang di zhi hua (Geschwister Nie Ying und Nie Zheng) zu schaffen... Dann noch Die Wiedergeburt der Göttinnen, Xianglei und Die zwei Prinzen des Herrn Guzu. Alle diese Stücke sind unter Goethes Einfluss gestanden." "During the first period I followed Tagore. This was before the May Fourth Movement, and I strove for brevity and tranquility in my poetry, with rather little success. During the second period I followed Whitman. This was during the high tide of the May Fourth Movement, and I strove to make my poems vigorous and robust. This must be counted my most memorable period. During the third period I followed Goethe, the passion of the second period was lost and I became one who played the game of versification. It was under the impact of Goethe that I began to write poetic dramas." Er schreibt über Baruch Spinoza, dass er Ethica, Tractatus theologico-politicus und Tractatus de intellectus emendatione gelesen hat. He admired most Die Wandlung by Ernst Toller and Die Bürger von Calais by Georg Kaiser and he states that in reading Spinoza and Goethe he discoverd for himelf 'pantheist' traditions in ancient Chinese philosophy of Zhuangzi. |
|
| 6 | 1936 |
Guo Moruo shi zuo tan. [Guo Moruo on poetic creation]. (1936). 郭沫若詩作談 Guo admitted the impact of Heinrich Heine which allegedly temporally followed that of Tagore, further the impact of Percy Bysshe Shelley who allegedly temporally followed that of Walt Whitman. |
|
| 7 | 1947 |
Guo, Moruo. Wo de tong nian. (Shanghai : Hai yan shu dian, 1947). 我的童年 Guo remarked that he had been much influenced by Sir Walter Scott. |
|
| 8 | 1959 |
Guo, Moruo. Wo de zuo shi jing guo. In : Moruo wen ji ; vol. 11 (1959). [My experience in writing poetry]. "The unconventional style of Whitman's is very much in harmony with the stormy and progressive spirit of the May 4th era. I was thoroughly overwhelmed by his vigorous, uninhibited and sonorous tone." "Whitman's poetic style, characterized by getting rid of all the conventions, coincides with the sprit of 'Sturm und Drang' of the May 4th period. I was totally shocked by his grand and eloquent tone. Influenced by him, I wrote all these poems full of masculine violence." |
|
Cited by (1)
| # | Year | Bibliographical Data | Type / Abbreviation | Linked Data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2000- | Asien-Orient-Institut Universität Zürich | Organisation / AOI |
|