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Zhang, Wentian

(Nanhui = Chuansha, Shanghai 1900-1976 im Exil) : Schriftsteller, Dichter, Übersetzer, Generalsekretär der Kommunistischen Partei, Diplomat

Name Alternative(s)

Luo, Fu

Subjects

History : China - Russia / Index of Names : China / Literature : China / Periods : China : People's Republic (1949-) / Periods : China : Republic (1912-1949) / Translator

Chronology Entries (14)

# Year Text Linked Data
1 1919 Zhang Wentian tritt der Youth China Society bei, nachdem er an der Wusong Aquatic Products School und an der Hehai Engineering School in Nanjing studiert hat.
  • Document: A biographical dictionary of modern Chinese writers. Compiled by the Modern Chinese Literary Archives. (Beijing : New World Press, 1994). (BioD, Publication)
2 1920-1921 Zhang Wentian studiert Japanisch und Philosophie in Japan.
  • Document: A biographical dictionary of modern Chinese writers. Compiled by the Modern Chinese Literary Archives. (Beijing : New World Press, 1994). (BioD, Publication)
3 1922-1924 Zhang Wentian arbeitet als Herausgeber und Übersetzer für Datong daily, einer Zeitung für Übersee-Chinesen in San Francisco und arbeitet in der Bibliothek der University of California, Berkeley.
  • Document: A biographical dictionary of modern Chinese writers. Compiled by the Modern Chinese Literary Archives. (Beijing : New World Press, 1994). (BioD, Publication)
4 1922-1924 Zhang Wentian ist Herausgeber und Übersetzer des Datong daily in San Francisco.
  • Document: A biographical dictionary of modern Chinese writers. Compiled by the Modern Chinese Literary Archives. (Beijing : New World Press, 1994). (BioD, Publication)
5 1922 [Wilde, Oscar]. Yu zhong ji. Zhang Wentian, Wang Fuquan yi. [ID D12194].
Zhou Xiaoyi : Lu Xun, after reading the Chinese translation of Gide's biography of Wilde, noted that "his way of life is most interesting". He also noted Wilde's style of dress. In a paragraph discussing Wilde's appearance, he states : "look at his pictures, in which Wilde wears a flower in his button hole, taking a cane inlaid with ivory ; how handsome he is, everybody would love him, not to speak of women". Lu Xun used the phrase 'aesthetic costume' to describe Wilde's dress. Lu Xun is critical of Wilde's way of life, because, as a writer with a social mission and ideals, he is hostile to aestheticism and art for art's sake as universal principles for literature. He emphasizes the essentially social function of art. Yet no matter how critical he was, he had a clear image of Wilde as an aesthetic figure.
  • Document: Dougall, Bonny S. Fictional authors, imagery audiences : "The importance of being earnest" in China. = McDougall, Bonnie S. The importance of being earnest in China : early Chinese attitudes towards Oscar Wilde. In : Journal of the Oriental Society of Australia, vol. 9 (1972/73). (WilO7, Publication)
  • Document: Zhou, Xiaoyi. Oscar Wilde : an image of artistic self-fashioning in modern China, 1909-1949. In : Images of Westerners in Chinese and Japanese literature : proceedings of the XVth Congress of the International Comparative Literature Association‚ Literature as cultural memory, Leiden 1997. Ed. by Hua Meng, Sukehiro Hirakawa. (Amsterdam : Rodopi, 2000). (WilO4, Publication)
  • Person: Lu, Xun
  • Person: Wang, Fuquan
  • Person: Wilde, Oscar
6 1922 Zhang, Wentian ; Wang Fuquan. Wangerde jie shao [ID D12195]. [Introducing Oscar Wilde].
Zhou Xiaoyi : Zhang Wentian, an early important critic in Wilde studies, made a similar observation as Lu Xun on Wilde's aesthetic mode of being. He noted that Wilde "devoted his whole life to art, to the religion of beauty". He argues that Wilde did not merely advance an artistic principle, but also put his principle to practice. He practiced his aestheticism in everyday life soon after he graduated from Oxford : "He wears a velvet coat, a loose shirt with a turn-down collar, and a tie of some unusual shade tied in a lavalliere knot. He propagated his aestheticism everywhere, with a sunflower or a lily in hand. How enthusiastic he is ! How full-hearted, how brave !" Here Zhang also related Wilde's aesthetic principle to his eccentric lifestyle, and offered a vivid picture of Wilde as an artist. In his depiction, this artist, reinforced by his personal charm and mysterious character, worships art and condemns social reality.
  • Document: Zhou, Xiaoyi. Oscar Wilde : an image of artistic self-fashioning in modern China, 1909-1949. In : Images of Westerners in Chinese and Japanese literature : proceedings of the XVth Congress of the International Comparative Literature Association‚ Literature as cultural memory, Leiden 1997. Ed. by Hua Meng, Sukehiro Hirakawa. (Amsterdam : Rodopi, 2000). (WilO4, Publication)
  • Person: Wang, Fuquan
  • Person: Wilde, Oscar
7 1923 Zhang, Wentian. Yi zhe xu yan [ID D37671].
Zhang schreibt : "We, who are bound by the so-called Confucian teaching and idolatry, unless we take hold of a sharp sword to cut off these things one after the other, shall never achieve freedom, never be able to understand life. Leonid Nikolaevich Andreyev's works are the sword we need, and we should brandish it about madly so as to destroy everything. However, on what should be done after the destruction, Andreyev has not even us an answer."
  • Document: Gamsa, Mark. The Chinese translation of Russian literature : three studies. (Leiden : Brill, 2008). (Sinica Leidensia ; vol. 90). S. 158. (Gam1, Publication)
  • Person: Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich
8 1924-1925 Zhang Wentian unterrichtet an der Women's Normal School und an der East Sichuan Associated County Normal School in Chongqing (Sichuan) und ist Herausgeber der Zeitung Nanhong.
  • Document: A biographical dictionary of modern Chinese writers. Compiled by the Modern Chinese Literary Archives. (Beijing : New World Press, 1994). (BioD, Publication)
9 1924 [Brandes, Georg]. [Bailun]. Zhang Wentian yi. [ID D26458].
Zhang Wentian translated the Byron section in the book of Georg Brandes' Main currents in 19th century literature in Chinese.
Brandes schreibt : "It is probable that the subject of love between brother and sister was one often discussed by Shelley and Byron. What incensed Byron more than anything else was the pious horror displayed by the orthodox Bible Christians, one article of whose faith it is that the human race, as descended from one man and woman, multiplied by means of marriage between brother and sister."
Chu Chih-yu : Brandes attributed Byron's loneliness and his erratic behaviour to genetic factors : "thus the poet [Byron] had wild blood in his veins". This view was readily accepted by Chinese scholars. Wang Tongzhao wrote "Genetics has become one of the important sciences” and most of Byron's neurotic behavious was “inherited from his mother". Gan Naiguang argued : "If we ascribe Byron's romantic character to the society, then we underestimate the power of genetics". The term 'romantic character' used by Wang Tongzhao refers to 'uncontrollable passion' or simply to Byronism in its broadest sense. Byron's lifestyle, his spirit of revolt, his passion, impulsiveness, restlessness, indignation, revenge, cynicism, etc. It may seem superficial for the Chinese to have simply borrowed from Brandes whatever he had to say about Byron. But this borrowing demonstrates respect not so much for Brandes as for a totally new and scientific approach to literature hitherto absent in Chinese criticism. Georg Brandes' interpretation of Byron's fortunes in England, both literary and personal, was conveyed faithfully to Chinese readers, although few of the Chinese writers acknowledged their sources. He accredited the fall of Byron's reputation, not unustifiably, to his wife and the general public, and most of all to other jealous writers. It is true that Byron's marriage [with Annabella Milbanke] was a big mistake.
The Chinese are more circumspect in dealing with matters like incest. It is obvious, that almost every contribution of Xiao shuo yue bao had read Brandes' book, or at least the chapters on Byron. But they all avoided touching on this sensitive subject directly. Xi He mentioned the separation briefly and his only comment was : "Generally speaking, English society resented Byron's conduct and sympathized with Annabella Milbanke". Wang Tongzhao's version was more ambiguous : "Byron returned to London to find, to his surprise, that he was attacked without reason by the blind public". Gan Naiguang put the blame on Miss Milbanke but his argument was hardly convincing. He observed that the English reasonably expected Miss Milbanke to be able to tame the wild horse [Byron] once they were married, but that Miss Milbanke did not prove equal to the heavy task. She was a woman who observed the so-called moral principles of the time ; she was upright but unfeeling. She never sinned but she never forgave. Gan's article was basically a free translation of passages from Hippolyte Adolphe Taine's History of English literature. Transl. From French into English by J. Scott Clark. (New York, N.Y. : Colonial Press, 1900).
10 1925 Zhang Wentian geht nach Shanghai und tritt in die Kommunistische Partei ein.
  • Document: A biographical dictionary of modern Chinese writers. Compiled by the Modern Chinese Literary Archives. (Beijing : New World Press, 1994). (BioD, Publication)
11 1925-1930 Zhang Wentian studiert an der Sun Yat-sen Universität der Guomindang in Moskau und arbeitet im Eastern Department der Communist Third International.
  • Document: A biographical dictionary of modern Chinese writers. Compiled by the Modern Chinese Literary Archives. (Beijing : New World Press, 1994). (BioD, Publication)
12 1935-1943 Zhang Wentian ist Generalsekretär der Kommunistischen Partei.
13 1951-1955 Zhang Wentian ist Botschafter der russischen Botschaft in Moskau, Sowjetunion / Russland.
14 1966-1976 Zhang Wentian wird während der Kulturrevolution verfolgt.
  • Document: A biographical dictionary of modern Chinese writers. Compiled by the Modern Chinese Literary Archives. (Beijing : New World Press, 1994). (BioD, Publication)

Bibliography (12)

# Year Bibliographical Data Type / Abbreviation Linked Data
1 1921 [Bergson, Henri]. Xiao zhi yan jiu. Bogesen zhu ; Zhang Wentian yi. (Shanghai : Shang wu yin shu guan, 1921). (Shang zhi xue hui cong shu). Übersetzung von Bergson, Henri. Le rire : essai sur la signification du comique. In : Revue de Paris ; février 1, 15, mars 1 (1990). [Paris : Editions Alcan, 1924].
笑之硏究 		Publication / ZhaWe3
2 1922 Dong fang za zhi = Eastern miscellany. (Shanghai : Shang wu yin shu guan, 1904-1948). 19.18 (25 Sept. 1922). Zhang Wentian schreibt darin einen langen Artikel über Faust und Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.
東方雜誌 		Publication / Goe33
  • Cited by: Yip, Terry Siu-han. Goethe in China : the reception of Faust and Werther in 20th century China. In : East-West dialogue : special issue ; vol. 4, no 2 - vol. 5, no 1 (2000). (Yip2, Published)
  • Cited by: Yang, Wuneng. Goethe in China (1889-1999). (Frankfurt a.M. : P. Lang, 2000). (YanW1, Published)
  • Person: Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von
3 1922 [Wilde, Oscar]. Yu zhong ji. Wang'erde zhu ; Zhang Wentian, Wang Fuquan yi. In : Jue wu ; April-May (1922). = (Shanghai : Shang wu yin shu guan, 1932). (Wen xue yan jiu hui cong shu). Übersetzung von Wilde, Oscar. De profundis. (London : Methuen, 1905).
獄中記 		Publication / ZhaWe7
4 1922 Zhang, Wentian ; Wang, Fuquan. Wangerde jie shao. In Jue wu ; 3-18 April ( (1922). [Introducing Wilde]. Publication / ZhaWe8
5 1923 [Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Gou de tiao wu. Anteliefu zhu ; Zhang Wentian yi. (Shanghai : Shang wu yin shu guan, 1923). (Wen xue yan jiu hui cong shu). Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid. Sobachii val's. In : Sovremennye zapiski ; no 10 (1922). = The waltz of the dogs : a play in four acts. Authorized translation from the original manuscript by Herman Bernstein. (London : Brentano's, 1922).
狗的跳舞 		Publication / ZhaWe1
  • Person: Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich
6 1923 [Russell, Bertrand]. Luosu lun wen ji. Luosu zhu ; Yang Duanliu, Xi Chen, Yu Yuzhi, Zhang Wentian, Zhu Pu yi. Vol. 1-2. (Shanghai : Shang wu yin shu guan, 1923). (Dong fang wen ku ; 44).
羅素論文集
[Enthält] :
E guo ge ming de li lun ji shi ji. Übersetzung von Russell, Bertrand. The practice and theory of Bolshevism. (London : Allen & Unwin, 1920).
She hui zhu yi yu zi you zhu yi. Hu Yuzhi yi. Übersetzung von Russell, Bertrand. Socialism and liberal ideals. In : Living age ; no 306 (July 10, 1920).
Wei kai fa guo zhi gong ye. Yang Duanliu yi. Übersetzung von Russell, Bertrand. Industry in undeveloped countries. In : Atlantic monthly ; 127 (June 1921).
Xian jin hun huan zhuang tai zhi yuan yin. Übersetzung von Russell, Bertrand. Causes of present chaos. In : The prospects of industrial civilization. (London : Allen & Unwin, 1923).
Zhongguo guo min xing de ji ge te dian. Yu Zhi [Hu Yuzhi] yi. Übersetzung von Russell, Bertrand. Some traits in the Chinese character. In : Atlantic monthly ; 128 (Dec. 1921).
Zhongguo zhi guo ji di wei. Zhang Wentian yi. 		Publication / Russ86
  • Cited by: Findeisen, Raoul David. Professor Luo : reflections on Bertrand Russell in China. In : Asian and African studies ; vol. 3 (1994). (Russ3, Published)
  • Cited by: Worldcat/OCLC (WC, Web)
  • Person: Hu, Yuzhi
  • Person: Russell, Bertrand
  • Person: Xi, Chen
  • Person: Yang, Duanliu
  • Person: Zhu, Pu
7 1923 Zhang, Wentian. Yi zhe xu yan. In : Zhang, Wentian. Gou de tiao wu. (Shanghai : Shang wu yin shu guan, 1923). [Vorwort]. = The waltz of the dogs. Transl. by Herman Bernstein. (New York, N.Y. : Macmillan, 1922). [Betr. Leonid Nikolaevich Andreyev]. Publication / And4
  • Cited by: Gamsa, Mark. The Chinese translation of Russian literature : three studies. (Leiden : Brill, 2008). (Sinica Leidensia ; vol. 90). (Gam1, Published)
  • Person: Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich
8 1924 [Carr, Herbert Wildon]. Bogesen zhi bian yi zhe xue. Kaer zhu ; Zhang Wentian yi. (Shanghai : Min zhi shu ju, 1924. Übersetzung von Carr, Herbert Wildon. The philosophy of change : a study of the fundamental principle of the philosophy of Bergson. (London : Macmillan, 1914). [Henri Bergson].
伯格森之變易哲學 		Publication / ZhaWe4
9 1924 [Brandes, Georg]. [Bailun]. Zhang Wentian yi. In : Xiao shuo yue bao ; vol. 15, no 4 (1924). [Enthält das Kap. Byron. In : Brandes, Georg. Main currents in nineteenth century literature]. Publication / Byr63
10 1925 [Benavente, Jacinto]. Beinawende xi qu ji. [Beinamiante] zhu ; Shen Yanbing [Mao Dun], Zhang Wentian he yi. (Shanghai : Shang wu yin shu guan, 1925). (Wen xue yan jiu hui cong shu). [Theaterstücke von Jacinto Benavente].
倍那文德戯曲集 		Publication / ZhaWe2
11 1925 [Korolenko, Vladimir Galaktionovich]. Mang yin yue jia. Kelulunke zhu ; Zhang Wentian fan yi. (Shanghai : Zhonghua shu ju, 1925). (Shao nian Zhongguo xue hui cong shu). Übersetzung von Korolenko, Vladimir Galaktionovich. The blind musician. From the Russian by Sergius Stepniak and William Westall. (London : Ward and Downey, 1890). [Slepoi muzykant (Moskva : I.N. Kushnereva, 1885)].
盲音樂家 		Publication / ZhaWe6
12 1926 [Annunzio, Gabriele d']. Qi'ekangdao. Tangnuqiu zhu ; Zhang Wentian yi. (Shanghai : Zhong hua, 1926). (Shao nian Zhongguo xue hui cong shu). Übersetzung von Annunzio, Gabriele d'. Gioconda : tragedia. (Milano : Treves, 1899).
琪[e]康陶 		Publication / ZhaWe5

Secondary Literature (1)

# Year Bibliographical Data Type / Abbreviation Linked Data
1 1999 Gálik, Marián. Young Zhang Wentian and his "Goethe's Faust". In : Asian and African studies ; vol. 8, no 1 (1999). Publication / Gal2
  • Source: Lu, Jiye. Gede yu Fushide. In : Xue sheng za zhi (1921). [Johann Wolfgang von Goethe und Faust].
    歌德與浮士德 (Goe102, Publication)
  • Person: Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von