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Chronology Entry

Year

1908

Text

Lu, Xun. Mo luo shi li shuo = On the power of Mara poetry. [ID D26228]. [Auszüge].
Lu Xun erwähnt George Byron, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Thomas Carlyle, William Shakespeare, John Milton, Walter Scott, John Keats, Friedrich Nietzsche, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Henrik Ibsen [erste Erwähnung], Nikolai Wassil'evich Gogol, Platon, Dante, Napoleon I., Ernst Moritz Arndt, Friedrich Wilhelm III., Theodor Körner, Edward Dowden, John Stuart Mill, Matthew Arnold, John Locke, Robert Burns, Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin, Adam Mickiewicz, Sandor Petöfi, Wladimir Galaktionowitsch Korolenko.

Lu Xun schreibt :
"He who has searched out the ancient wellspring will seek the source of the future, the new wellspring. O my brothers, the works of the new life, the surge from the depths of the new source, is not far off". Nietzsche...
Later the poet Kalidasa achieved fame for his dramas and occasional lyrics ; the German master Goethe revered them as art unmatched on earth or in heaven...
Iran and Egypt are further examples, snapped in midcourse like well-ropes – ancient splendor now gone arid. If Cathay escapes this roll call, it will be the greatest blessing life can offer. The reason ? The Englishman Carlyle said : "The man born to acquire an articulate voice and grandly sing the heart's meaning is his nation's raison d'être. Disjointed Italy was united in essence, having borne Dante, having Italian. The Czar of great Russia, with soldiers, bayonets, and cannon, does a great feat in ruling a great tract of land. Why has he no voice ? Something great in him perhaps, but he is a dumb greatness. When soldiers, bayonets and cannon are corroded, Dante's voice will be as before. With Dante, united ; but the voiceless Russian remains mere fragments".
Nietzsche was not hostile to primitives ; his claim that they embody new forces is irrefutable. A savage wilderness incubates the coming civiliization ; in primitives' teeming forms the light of day is immanent...
Russian silence ; then stirring sound. Russia was like a child, and not a mute ; an underground stream, not an old well. Indeed, the early 19th century produced Gogol, who inspired his countrymen with imperceptible tear-stained grief, compared by some to England's Shakespeare, whom Carlyle praised and idolized. Look around the worls, where each new contending voice has its own eloquence to inspire itself and convey the sublime to the world ; only India and those other ancient lands sit motionless, plunged in silence...
I let the past drop here and seek new voices from abroad, an impulse provoked by concern for the past. I cannot detail each varied voice, but none has such power to inspire and language as gripping as Mara poetry. Borrowed from India, the 'Mara' – celestial demon, or 'Satan' in Europe – first denoted Byron. Now I apply it to those, among all the poets, who were committed to resistance, whose purpose was action but who were little loved by their age ; and I introduce their words, deeds, ideas, and the impact of their circles, from the sovereign Byron to a Magyar (Hungarian) man of letters. Each of the group had distinctive features and made his own nation's qualities splendid, but their general bent was the same : few would create conformist harmonies, but they'd bellow an audience to its feet, these iconoclasts whose spirit struck deep chords in later generations, extending to infinity...
Humanity began with heroism and bravado in wars of resistance : gradually civilization brought culture and changed ways ; in its new weakness, knowing the perils of charging forward, its idea was to revert to the feminine ; but a battle loomed from which it saw no escape, and imagination stirred, creating an ideal state set in a place as yet unattained if not in a time too distant to measure. Numerous Western philosophers have had this idea ever since Plato's "Republic". Although there were never any signs of peace, they still craned toward the future, spirits racing toward the longed-for grace, more committed than ever, perhaps a factor in human evolution...
Plato set up his imaninary "Republic", alleged that poets confuse the polity, and should be exiled ; states fair or foul, ideas high or low – these vary, but tactics are the same...
In August 1806 Napoleon crushed the Prussian army ; the following July Prussia sued for peace and became a dependency. The German nation had been humiliated, and yet the glory of the ancient spirit was not destroyed. E.M. Arndt now emerged to write his "Spirit of the Age" (Geist der Zeit), a grand and eloquent declaration of independence that sparked a blaze of hatred for the enemy ; he was soon a wanted man and went to Switzerland. In 1812 Napoleon, thwarted by the freezing conflagration of Moscow, fled back to Paris, and all of Europe – a brewing storm – jostled to mass its forces of resistance. The following year Prussia's King Friedrich Wilhelm III called the nation to arms in a war for three causes : freedom, justice, and homeland ; strapping young students, poets, and artists flocked to enlist. Arndt himself returned and composed two essays, "What is the people's army" and "The Rhine is a great German river, not its border", to strengthen the morale of the youth. Among the volunteers of the time was Theodor Körner, who dropped his pen, resigned his post as Poet of the Vienne State Theater, parted from parents and beloved, and took up arms. To his parents he wrote : "The Prussian eagle, being fierce and earnest, has aroused the great hope of the German people. My songs without exception are spellbound by the fatherland. I would forgot all joys and blessings to die fighting for it ! Oh, the power of God has enlightened me. What sacrifice could be more worthy than one for our people's freedom and the good of humanity ? Boundless energy surges through me, and I go forth ! " His later collection "Lyre and sword" (Leier und Schwert), also resonates with this same spirit and makes the pulse race when one recites from it. In those days such a fervent awareness was not confined to Körner, for the entire German youth were the same. Körner's voice as the voice of all Germans, Körner's blood was the blood of all Germans. And so it follows that neither State, nor Emperor, nor bayonet, but the nation's people beat Napoleon. The people all had poetry and thus the poets' talents ; so in the end Germany did not perish. This would have been inconceivable to those who would scrap poetry in their devotion to utility, who clutch battered foreign arms in hopes of defending hearth and home. I have, first, compared poetic power with rice and beans only to shock Mammon's disciples into seeing that gold and iron are far from enough to revive a country ; and since our nation has been unable to get beyond the surface of Germany and France, I have shown their essence, which will lead, I hope, to some awareness. Yet this is not the heart of the matter...
England's Edward Dowden once said : "We often encounter world masterpieces of literature or art that seem to do the world no good. Yet we enjoy the encounter, as in swimming titanic waters we behold the vastness, float among waves and come forth transformed in body and soul. The ocean itself is but the heave and swell of insensible seas, nor has it once provided us a single moral sentence or a maxim, yet the swimmer's health and vigor are greatly augmented by it"...
If everything were channeled in one direction, the result would be unfulfilling. If chill winter is always present, the vigor of spring will never appear ; the physical shell lives on, but the soul dies. Such people live on, but hey have lost the meaning of life. Perhaps the use of literaure's uselessness lies here. John Stuart Mill said, "There is no modern civilization that does not make science its measure, reason its criterion, and utility its goal". This is the world trend, but the use of literature is more mysterious. How so ? It can nurture our imagination. Nurturing the human imagination is the task and the use of literature...
Matthew Arnold's view that "Poetry is a criticism of life" has precisely this meaning. Thus reading the great literary works from Homer on, one not only encounters poetry but naturally makes contact with life, becomes aware of personal merits and defects one by one, and naturally strives harder for perfection. This effect of literature has educational value, which is how it enriches life ; unlike ordinary education, it shows concreteley a sense of self, valor, and a drive toward progress. The devline and fall of a state has always begun with is refusal to heed such teaching...
[The middle portion of this essay is a long and detailed description of Lu Xun's exemplary Mara poets, including Byron, Shelley, Pushkin, Lermontov, Michiewicz, Slowacki and Petöfi].
In 18th-century England, when society was accustomed to deceit, and religion at ease with corruption, literature provided whitewash through imitations of antiquity, and the genuine voice of the soul could not he heard. The philosopher Locke was the first to reject the chronic abuses of politics and religion, to promote freedom of speech and thought, and to sow the seeds of change. In literature it was the peasant Burns of Scotland who put all he had into fighting society, declared universal equality, feared no authority, nor bowed to gold and silk, but poured his hot blood into his rhymes ; yet this great man of ideas, not immediately the crowd's proud son, walked a rocky outcast road to early death. Then Byron and Shelley, as we know, took up the fight. With the power of a tidal wave, they smashed into the pillars of the ancien régime. The swell radiated to Russia, giving rise to Pushkin, poet of the nation ; to Poland, creating Mickiewicz, poet of revenge ; to Hungary, waking Petéfi, poet of patriotism ; their followers are too many to name. Although Byron and Shelley acquired the Mara title, they too were simply human. Such a fellowship need not be labeled the "Mara School", for life on earth is bound to produce their kind. Might they not be the ones enlightened by the voice of sincerity, who, embracing that sincerity, share a tacit understanding ? Their lives are strangely alike ; most took up arms and shed their blood, like swordsmen who circle in public view, causing shudders of pleasure at the sight of mortal combat. To lack men who shed their blood in public is a disaster for the people ; yet having them and ignoring them, even proceeding to kill them, is a greater disaster from which the people cannot recover...
"The last ray", a book by the Russian author Korolenko, records how an old man teaches a boy to read in Siberia : “His book talked of the cherry and the oriole, but these didn't exist in frozen Siberia. The old man explained : It's a bird that sits on a cherry branch and carols its fine songs”. The youth reflected. Yes, amid desolation the youth heard the gloss of a man of foresight, although he had not heard the fine song itself. But the voice of foresight does not come to shatter China's desolation. This being so, is there nothing for us but reflection, simply nothing but reflection ?

Ergänzung von Guo Ting :
Byron behaved like violent weaves and winter wind. Sweeping away all false and corrupt customs. He was so direct that he never worried about his own situation too much. He was full of energy, and spirited and would fight to the death without losing his faith. Without defeating his enemy, he would fight till his last breath. And he was a frank and righteous man, hiding nothing, and he spoke of others' criticism of himself as the result of social rites instead of other's evil intent, and he ignored all those bad words. The truth is, at that time in Britain, society was full of hypocrites, who took those traditions and rites as the truth and called anyone who had a true opinion and wanted to explore it a devil.

Ergänzung von Yu Longfa :
Die Bezeichnung Mara stammt aus dem Indischen und bedeutet Himmelsdämon. Die Europäer nennen das Satan. Ursprünglich bezeichnete man damit Byron. Jetzt weist das auf alle jene Dichter hin, die zum Widerstand entschlossen sind und deren Ziel die Aktion ist, ausserdem auf diejenigen Dichter, die von der Welt nicht sehr gemocht werden. Sie alle gehören zu dieser Gruppe. Sie berichten von ihren Taten und Überlegungen, von ihren Schulen und Einflüssen. Das beginnt beim Stammvater dieser Gruppe, Byron, und reicht letztlich hin bis zu dem ungarischen Schriftsteller Petöfi. Alle diese Dichter sind in ihrem äusserlichen Erscheinungsbild sehr unterschiedlich. Jeder bringt entsprechend den Besoderheiten des eigenen Landes Grossartiges hervor, aber in ihrer Hauptrichtung tendieren sie zur Einheitlichkeit. Meistens fungieren sie nicht als Stimme der Anpassung an die Welt und der einträchtigen Freude. Sobald sie aus voller Kehle ihre Stimme erheben, geraten ihre Zuhörer in Begeisterung, bekämpfen das Himmlische und widersetzen sich den gängigen Sitten. Aber ihr Geist rührt auch tief an die Seelen der Menschen nachfolgender Generationen und setzt sich fort bis in die Unendlichkeit. Sie sind ohne Ausnahme vital und unnachgiebig und treten für die Wahrheit ein… Nietzsche lehnt den Wilden nicht ab, da er neue Lebenskraft in sich berge und gar nicht anders könne, als ehrlich zu sein. So stammt die Zivilisation denn auch aus der Unzivilisation. Der Wilde erscheint zwar roh, besitzt aber ein gütmütiges Inneres. Die Zivilisation ist den Blüten vergleichbar und die Unzivilisation den Knospen. Vergleicht man jedoch die Unzivilisation mit den Blüten, so entspricht die Zivilisation den Früchten. Ist die Vorstufe bereits vorhanden, so besteht auch Hoffnung.

Sekundärliteratur
Yu Longfa : Lu Xun befasst sich zwar nicht ausführlich mit Friedrich Nietzsche, aber auf der Suche nach dem 'Kämpfer auf geistigem Gebiet', dessen charakteristische Eigenschaften, besonders die Konfiguration des Übermenschen, macht er ausfindig. Lu Xun ist überzeugt, dass die Selbststärkung eines Menschen und der Geist der Auflehnung kennzeichnend für den Übermenschen sind. In Anlehnung an den Übermenschen zitiert er aus Also sprach Zarathustra : "Diejenigen, die auf der Suche nach den Quellen des Altertums alles ausgeschöpft haben, sind im Begriff, die Quellen der Zukunft, die neuen Quellen zu suchen. Ach, meine Brüder, die Schaffung des neuen Lebens und das Sprudeln der neuen Quellen in der Tiefe, das dürft wohl nicht weit sein !"

Tam Kwok-kan : Earliest reference to Henrik Ibsen. This is the first Chinese article that discusses in a comprehensive manner the literary pursuits of the Byronic poets. Lu Xun ranks Ibsen as one of these poets and compares the rebellious spirit exemplified in Ibsen's drama to Byron's satanic tendency. Lu Xun had a particular liking for the play An enemy of the people, in which Ibsen presented his ideas through the iconoclast Dr. Stockmann, who in upholding truth against the prejudices of society, is attacked by the people. Lu Xun thought that China needed more rebels like Ibsen who dared to challenge accepted social conventions. By introducing Ibsen in the image of Dr. Stockmann, the moral superman, together with the satanic poets, Lu Xun believed that he could bring in new elements of iconoclasm in the construction of a modern Chinese consciousness. As Lu Xun said, he introduced Ibsen's idea of individualism because he was frustrated with the Chinese prejudice toward Western culture and with the selfishness popular among the Chinese.

Chu Chih-yu : Lu Xun adapted for the greater part of Mara poetry his Japanese sources (Kimura Katataro), he also added some of his own comments and speculations.

Guo Ting : Given Lu Xun's leading position in the Chinese literary field at that time, his defense of Byron was powerful and set the overarching tone for the time of Byron when he was first introduced to Chinese readers.

Liu Xiangyu : On the power of Mara poetry itself is an expression of Byronism to 'speak out against the establisment and conventions' and to 'stir the mind'. Lu Xun criticized traditional Chinese culture and literature.

Mentioned People (26)

Arndt, Ernst Moritz  (Gross Schoritz, Rügen 1769-1860 Bonn) : Dichter, Politiker

Arnold, Matthew  (Laleham, Middlesex 1822-1888 Liverpool) : Dichter, Kulturkritiker

Burns, Robert  (Alloway, Ayrshire 1759-1796 Dumfries, Dumfriesshire) : Schriftsteller, Dichter

Byron, George Gordon  (London 1788-1824 Mesolongion, Griechenland) : Dichter

Carlyle, Thomas  (Ecclefechan, Fumfries, Schottland 1795-1881 London) : Schriftsteller, Autor

Dante, Alighieri  (Florenz 1265-1321 Ravenna) : Dichter

Dowden, Edward  (Cork 1843-1913 Dublin) : Irischer Dichter, Kritiker

Friedrich Wilhelm III.  (Potsdam 1770-1840 Berlin) : König seit 1797

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von  (Frankfurt a.M. 1749-1832 Weimar) : Schriftsteller, Dichter, Dramatiker

Gogol, Nikolai Vasil'evich  (Bolschije Sorotschinzy, Poltawa 1809-1852 Moskau) : Schriftsteller

Ibsen, Henrik  (Skien 1828-1896 Kristiania = Oslo) : Dramatiker, Dichter

Keats, John  (London 1795-1821 Rom) : Dichter

Korolenko, Vladimir Galaktionovich  (Schifomir 1853-1921 Poltawa) : Schriftsteller

Körner, Theodor  (Dresden 1791-1813 Gadebusch, Mecklenburg) : Dichter, Dramatiker

Locke, John  (Wrington bei Bristol 1632-1704 Oates, Essex) : Philosoph

Lu, Xun  (Shaoxing, Zhejigan 1881-1936 Shanghai) : Schriftsteller, Dichter, Übersetzer
Übersetzungen japanischer Autoren siehe Findeisen, Raoul.D. Lu Xun (1881-1936).

Mickiewicz, Adam  (Zaosie = Nowogrudok, Russland 1798-1855 Konstantinopel) : Polnischer Dichter, Schriftsteller, Dramatiker

Mill, John Stuart  (London 1806-1873 Avignon) : Philosoph, Nationalökonom

Napoleon I.  (Ajaccio, Korsika 1769-1821 St. Helena) : Kaiser von Frankreich

Nietzsche, Friedrich  (Röcken bei Lützen 1844-1900 Weimar) : Philosoph, Klassischer Philologe

Petöfi, Sándor  (Kiskros 1823-1849 bei Sighisoara, Rumänien) : Ungarischer Dichter

Platon  (Athen 428 od. 427-347 od. 348 Athen) : Philosoph

Pushkin, Aleksandr Sergeevich  (Moskau 1799-1837 Petersburg) : Schriftsteller, Dichter, Dramatiker

Scott, Walter  (Edinburgh 1771-1832 Abbotsford, Roxburghshire) : Schottischer Schriftsteller, Dichter

Shakespeare, William  (Stratford-upon-Avon 1564-1616 Stratford-upon-Avon) : Dramatiker, Dichter

Shelley, Percy Bysshe  (Field Place = Warnham, Sussex 1792-1822 Segelunfall bei Viareggio) : Dichter

Subjects

Literature : Occident : Germany / Literature : Occident : Great Britain / Literature : Occident : Ireland / Literature : Occident : Poetry general / Philosophy : Europe : Germany / Philosophy : Europe : Great Britain / Translator

Documents (8)

# Year Bibliographical Data Type / Abbreviation Linked Data
1 1986 Von der Kolonialpolitik zur Kooperation : Studien zur Geschichte der deutsch-chinesischen Beziehungen. Hrsg. von Kuo Heng-yü. (München : Minerva Publikation, 1986). (Berliner China Studien ; 13).
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Publication / KUH7
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    德意志革命家小傳 (Marx31, Publication)
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    資本論 (Marx32, Publication)
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    海寧王忠慤公遺書 (Nie46, Publication)
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    超人哲學淺說 (Nie47, Publication)
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    尼采哲學與法西斯主義 (Nie50, Publication)
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    時代之波 (Nie239, Publication)
2 1995 Chu, Chih-yu. Byron's literary fortunes in China. (Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995). Diss. Univ. of Hong Kong, 1995.
http://hub.hku.hk/bitstream/10722/34921/1/FullText.pdf. [Accept]. S. 24.
Web / Byr1
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    [Enthält] :
    Qu guo xing. Übersetzung von Byron, George Gordon. My native land, good night. (London : Printed & sold by Chappell & Co., 1820).
    Liu bie Yadian nü lang. Huang Kan yi. Übersetzung von Byron, George Gordon. Maid of Athens, ere we part. [Geschrieben in Athen 1810].
    Zan da hai. Übersetzung von Byron, George Gordon. The ocean Roll on, thou deep and dark blue Ocean. In : Byron, George Gordon. Childe Harold's pilgrimage : a romaunt. (London : Printed for John Murray, 1812).
    Da mei ren zeng shu fa men dai shi. Übersetzung von Byron, George Gordon. To a lady who presented the author with the velvet band which bound her tresses. In : Byron, George Gordon. Hours of Idleness : a series of poems. (Newark, S. & J. Ridge, 1808). [Geschrieben 1806].
    Ai Xila. Übersetzung von Byron, George Gordon. The Isles of Greece. In : Byron, George Gordon. Don Juan ; with a biographical account of Lord Byron and his family ; anecdotes of his Lordhip’s travels and residence in Greece, at Geneva, & c. : canto III. (London : Printed for William Wright, 1819).
    拜伦诗选 (SuM10, Publication)
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    [Enthält] : Übersetzung eines Briefes von Byron und eine Übersetzung eines Teils von Byron, George Gordon. The giaour : a fragment of a Turkish tale. (London : Printed by T. Davison, Whitefriars, for John Murray, 1813).
    拜伦 譯詩 (Byr48, Publication)
  • Source: [Koizumi, Yakumo = Hearn, Lafcadio]. Ping Bailun. Chen Bao yi. In : Xiao shuo yue bao ; vol. 15, no 4 (1924). (Byr10, Publication)
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  • Source: [Byron, George Gordon]. Manfuleide. Fu Donghua yi. In : Xiao shuo yue bao ; vol. 15, no 4 (1924). ). Übersetzung von Byron, George Gordon. Manfred : a dramatic poem. (London : John Murray, 1817).
    曼弗雷德 (Byr30, Publication)
  • Source: [Brandes, Georg]. [Bailun]. Zhang Wentian yi. In : Xiao shuo yue bao ; vol. 15, no 4 (1924). [Enthält das Kap. Byron. In : Brandes, Georg. Main currents in nineteenth century literature]. (Byr63, Publication)
  • Source: Wang, Tongzhao. Bailun shi zhong de se jue. In : Chen bao fu kan : Supplement ; 28. April (1924). [The use of colour in Byron's poetry]. (Byr64, Publication)
  • Source: Liu, Runsheng. Bailun zhuan lue de pian duan. In : Chen bao fu kan : Supplement ; 28. April (1924). [Episodes of Byron's life]. (Byr65, Publication)
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  • Source: Chuang zao yue kan. Vol. 1, no 3, 4, 6 (1924). [Zum 100. Todestag von George Gordon Byron].
    創造月刊. (Byr67, Publication)
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    ] (Byr70, Publication)
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    拜倫 (Byt83, Publication)
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    杂艺 (Byr71, Publication)
  • Source: [Elistratova, A.A.]. Bailun. Li Xiangchong yi. In : Yi wen ; no 6 (1954). [Artikel über George Gordon Byron].
    拜伦 (Byr40, Publication)
  • Source: Du, Bingzheng. Ge ming lang man zhu yi shi ren Bailun de shi. In : Beijing da xue xue bao ; no 2 (1956). [The poetry of the revolutionary poet Byron]. (Byr72, Publication)
  • Source: Zhang, Yuechao. Yingguo de ge ming de lang man shi ren Bailun. In : Xi ou jing dian zuo jia yu zuo pin. (Wuhan : Chang jiang wen yi chu ban she, 1957). [The English romantic poet Byron]. (Byr73, Publication)
  • Source: An, Qi. Shi lun Bailun shi ge zhong de pan ni xing ge. In : Shi jie wen xue ; no 8 (1960).[An attempt to analyze the rebellious character of Byron's poetry]. (Byr75, Publication)
  • Source: Yang, Dehua. Shi lun Bailun de you yu. In : Wen xue ping lun ; no 6 (1961). [An attempt to analyze Byron's melancholy]. (Byr76, Publication)
  • Source: Fan, Cunzhong. Lun Bailun yu Xuelai chuang zuo zhong xian shi zhu yi he lang man zhu yi xiang jie he de wen ti. In : Wen xue ping lun ; no 2 (1962). [On the combination of realism and romanticism in the works of Byron and Shelley]. (Byr77, Publication)
  • Source: Yuan, Kejia. Bailun he Bailun shi ying xiong. In : Guang ming ri bao ; 12. Juli (1964). [Byron and Byronic heores]. (Byr78, Publication)
  • Source: Zhang, Yaozhi. Lun Bailun he ta de chang shi "Qiaerde Haluode you ji". In : Qiqihaer shi yuan xue bao ; no 3 (1978). [On Byron and his long poem "Childe Harold"]. (Byr81, Publication)
  • Source: Yang, Zhouhan. Guan yu ti gao wai guo wen xue shi bian xie zhi liang de ji ge wen ti. In : Wai guo wen xue yan jiu ji kan ; no 2 (1980). [For a better history of world literature ; Vortrag Guangzhou Conference]. (Byr79, Publication)
  • Source: [Byron, George Gordon]. Bailun zheng zhi feng ci shi xuan : Shen pan di huan jing : Ai'erlan tian shen xia fan : Qing tong shi dai. Qiu Congyi, Shao Xunmei yi. (Shanghai : Shanghai yi wen chu ban she, 1981). [Byron's political satires].
    [Enthält] :
    Shen pan di huan jing = Vision of judgment. (London : The Liberal, 1822).
    Ai'erlan tian shen xia fan. [Original-Titel nicht gefunden].
    Qing tong shi dai = The age of Bronze ; or, Carmen seculare et annus haud mirabilis. (London : Hunt, 1823).
    拜伦政治讽刺诗选 : 审判的幻景 : 爱尔兰天神下凡 : 青铜时代 (Byr21, Publication)
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    恰尔德. 哈洛尔德游记 (Byr80, Publication)
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  • Source: [Byron, George Gordon]. Ai Xila. Liu Wuji yi. In : Liu, Wuji. Su Manshu yu Bailun "Ai Xila shi". In : Cong Mo jian shi dao Yan zi kann : ji nian Nan she liang da shi ren Su Manshu yu Liu Yazi. (Taibei : Shi bao wen hua chu ban qi ye you xian gong si, 1986). [Su Manshu und George Gordon Byron]. Übersetzung von Byron, George Gordon. The Isles of Greece. In : Byron, George Gordon. Don Juan ; with a biographical account of Lord Byron and his family ; anecdotes of his Lordhip's travels and residence in Greece, at Geneva, & c. : canto III. (London : Printed for William Wright, 1819). (Byr11, Publication)
  • Person: Byron, George Gordon
  • Person: Chu, Chih-yu
3 2000 Yu, Longfa. Begegnungen mit Nietzsche : ein Beitrag zu Nietzsche-Rezeptionstendenzen im chinesischen Leben und Denken von 1919 bis heute. Diss. Univ. Wuppertal, 2000.
http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=959811869. S. 43-46.
Publication / Yu1
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    進化論革命者頡德之學說 (Nie16, Publication)
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    文化偏至論 (Nie21, Publication)
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    德國大哲學者尼采之略傳及學說 (Nie23, Publication)
  • Source: Chen, Duxiu. Ren sheng zhi zhen yi. In : Xin qing nian ; Vol. 6, no 6 (1916). [Betr. Friedrich Nietzsche].
    人生之真意 (Nie24, Publication)
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    人生真義 (Nie30, Publication)
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    尼采思想之批判 (Nie38, Publication)
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    尼采之一生及其思想 (Müg1, Publication)
  • Source: Lu, Xun. Fen. (Beijing : Wei ming she, 1927). [Enthält Essais geschrieben 1907-1925]. [Friedrich Nietzsche].
    坟 (Nie44, Publication)
  • Source: [Nietzsche, Friedrich]. Suluzhi yu lu. Nicai zhu ; Xu Hu [Xu Fancheng] yi. In : Shi jie wen ku ; no 8-11 (1935). = (Shanghai : Sheng huo shu dian, 1936). (Shi jie wen ku). = (Beijing : Shang wu yin shu guan, 1992). Übersetzung von Nietzsche, Friedrich. Also sprach Zarathustra : ein Buch für Alle und Keinen. (Chemnitz : Ernst Schmeitzner, 1883).
    蘇魯支語錄 (Nie66, Publication)
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    扎拉圖士特拉如是说 (Nie79, Publication)
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    尼采薩拉圖斯特拉的兩種譯本 (Nie51, Publication)
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    告中國青年 (Nie53, Publication)
  • Source: Sun, Fuyuan. Lu Xun xian sheng er san shi. (Chongqing : Zuo jia shu wu, 1944). (Lu Xun yan jiu cong kann ; 1). [Lu Xun – einige Ereignisse ; Tolstoy, Nietzsche].
    魯迅先生二三事 (Nie55, Publication)
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    從酒神衝動到權力意志 (Nie63, Publication)
  • Source: Zhou, Guoping. Sheng ming de kun ao he chuang zao de huan xin. In : Qing nian lun tan ; no 5 (1986). [Kummer des Lebens und Freude des Schaffens].
    生命的苦惱和創造的歡心兼談尼采的酒神精神 (Nie64, Publication)
  • Source: Zhou, Guoping. Nicai. In : Xu, Chongwen. Cun zai zhu yi zhe xue. Beijing : Zhongguo she hui ke xue chu ban she, 1986. [Philosophie des Existentialismus].
    存在主义哲学 (Nie65, Publication)
  • Person: Nietzsche, Friedrich
  • Person: Yu, Longfa
4 2000 Tam, Kwok-kan. An unfinished project : Ibsen and the construction of a modern Chinese consciousness. In : East-West dialogue ; vol. 4, noa 2 (2000). Publication / Ibs109
  • Cited by: Asien-Orient-Institut Universität Zürich (AOI, Organisation)
  • Person: Ibsen, Henrik
  • Person: Tam, Kwok-kan
5 2000 Liu, Xiangyu ; Ma, Hailiang. Byronism in Lu XunIn : Images of Westerners in Chinese and Japanese literature. Ed. by Hua Meng and Sukehiro Hirakawa. (Amsterdam : Rodopi, 2000). (Proceedings of the XVth Congress of the International Comparative Literature Association ; vol. 10, Leiden 1997). Publication / Byr5
  • Cited by: Asien-Orient-Institut Universität Zürich (AOI, Organisation)
6 2001 Tam, Kwok-kan. Ibsen in China 1908-1997 : a critical-annotated bibliography of criticism, translation and performance. (Hong Kong : Chinese Univesity Press, 2001). S. 34. Publication / Ibs1
  • Source: Lu, Xun. Mo luo shi li shuo. In : Henan (Japan) ; no 2-3 (May-June 1908). = Lu, Xun. On the power of Mara poetry. Transl. by Shu-ying Tsau and Donald Holoch. In : Modern Chinese literary thought : writings on literature, 1893-1945. Ed. by Kirk A. Denton. (Stanford, Calif. : Stanford University Press, 1996).
    摩罗诗力说 (Ibs70, Publication)
  • Source: Zhong, Yao [Zhou, Zuoren]. Bai nian lai xi yang xue shu zhi hui gu. In : Xue bao ; vol. 1, no 19 (1908). [A review of Western scholarship in the past one hundred years ; Erwähnung von Henrik Ibsen und Bjornstjerne Martinius Bjornson].
    百年來西洋學術之回顧 (Ibs95, Publication)
  • Source: Lu, Jingruo. Yibusheng zhi ju. In : Pai you za zhi (1914). [Artikel über die Dramen von Henrik Ibsen].
    易卜生戏剧 (Ibs68, Publication)
  • Source: Le, Shui [Hong, Shen]. Jiao qi. In : Xiao shuo yue bao ; vol. 6, no 6 (June 1915). [Artikel über Nora von Henrik Ibsen].
    狡妻 (Ibs63, Publication)
  • Source: [Ibsen, Henrik]. Guo min zhi di. Tao Lügong [Tao Menghe] yi. In : Xin Qing nian ; vol. 4, no 6 ; vol. 5, no 1-4 (June-Okt. 1918). Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. En folkefiende : skuespil i fem akter. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendal, 1882). = Ibsen, Henrik. Ein Volksfeind : Schauspiel in 5 Aufzügen. (Leipzig : Reclam, ca. 1883). = Ibsen, Henrik. An enemy of the people. (London : W. Scott, 1890). [Uraufführung Christiania Theater, Oslo 1883]. [Teilübersetzung].
    国民之 (Ibs6, Publication)
  • Source: [Ibsen, Henrik]. Xiao Aiyoufu. Wu Ruonan yi. In : Xin Qing nian ; vol. 4, no 6 ; vol. 5, no 3 (June, Sept. 1918). Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Lille Eyolf. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendal, 1894). = Ibsen, Henrik. Klein Eyolf. (Berlin : S. Fischer, 1895). = Ibsen, Henrik. Little Eyolf : a play in 3 acts. (London : William Heinemann, 1895). [Uraufführung Deutsches Theater Berlin, 1895]. [Teilübersetzung].
    小爱友夫 (Ibs33, Publication)
  • Source: Yuan, Zhenying. Yibusheng zhuan. In : Xin Qing nian ; vol. 4, no 6 (1918). [Abhandlung über Henrik Ibsen].
    易卜生傳 (Ibs92, Publication)
  • Source: [Ibsen, Henrik]. She hui zhu shi. Zhou Shoujuan yi. In : Xiao shuo yue bao ; vol. 11, no 4-12 (1920). = Vol. 1-2. (Shanghai : Shang wu yin shu guan, 1921). (Shuo bu cong shu ; 4, 5). Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Samfundets stotter : skuespil i fire akter. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendal, 1877). = Ibsen, Henrik. Stützen der Gesellschaft : Schauspiel in vier Aufzügen. Unter Mitwirkung von Emma Klingenfeld veranstaltete deutsche Originalausgabe der "Samfundets stötter". (München : T. Ackermann, 1878). = Ibsen, Henrik. The pillars of society. (London : W. Scott, 1888). [Uraufführung Odense Teater, Dänemark 1877].
    社會柱石 (Ibs31, Publication)
  • Source: Yu, Shangyuan. Guo qu er shi er xi ju ming jia ji qi dai biao zuo. In : Chen bao fu kann ; 9-31 October 1922. [Twenty-two famous dramatists and their representative works ; enthält Henrik Ibsen].
    過去二十二戲劇名家及其代表作 (Ibs84, Publication)
  • Source: [Ibsen, Henrik]. Shao nian tong meng. Wu Qirui yi. In : Chen bao fu kann ; 5-26 Jan. (1923). Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. De unges forbund : lystspil i 5 akter. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendal, 1869). = Ibsen, Henrik. Der Bund der Jugend : Lustspiel in fünf Aufzügen. (Berlin : Paetel, 1872). = Ibsen, Henrik. The league of youth. (London : W. Scott, 1890). [Uraufführung Christiania Theater, Oslo 1869].
    少年同 (Ibs30, Publication)
  • Source: Fang, Xin. Kanle "Nala" hou de ling sui gan xiang. In : Chen bao fu kan ; 12. Mai (1923). [Erwähnung der Aufführung von Nana von Henrik Ibsen in Beijing].
    看了那拉後的零碎感想 (Ibs53, Publication)
  • Source: He, Yigong. Nü gao shi yan de "Nala". In : Chen bao fu kan ; 17 May 1923. [Die Aufführung von Nana von Henrik Ibsen im Peking Normal College for Women = Beijing nü gao shi].
    女高師演的那拉 (Ibs55, Publication)
  • Source: Lu, Xun. Nuola zou hou zen yang ? (1923) = Lu, Xun. After Nora walks out, what then ? : a talk given at the Peking Womens Normal College = Beijing shi fan da xue on December 26, 1923. In a new translation by Wen-Chao Li.
    http://userwww.sfsu.edu/~wenchao/translation/nora.pdf.
    娜拉走後怎樣
    (Ibs69, Publication)
  • Source: [Ibsen, Henrik]. Ye ya. Yang Jingci yi. In : Chen bao fu kan ; 11 Febr.-8 March (1924). Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Vildanden : skuespil i fem akter. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendalske, 1884). = Ibsen, Henrik. Die Wildente : Schauspiel in fünf Aufzügen. (Leipzig : P. Reclam, 1887). = Ibsen, Hendrik. The wild duck. (London : W. Scott, 1890). [Urauffährung Den nationale Scene, Berngen 1885].
    野鴨 (Ibs37, Publication)
  • Source: Li, Jiye. Yibusheng xi ju zhong de fu nü wen ti. In : Fu nü za zhi ; vol. 10, no 12 (1924). [The woman issue in Ibsen's drama].
    易卜生戲據中的婦女問題 (Ibs64, Publication)
  • Source: [Ibsen, Henrik]. Kui lei zhi jia ting. Ouyang Yuqian yi. In : Guo wen zhou bao ; 19 Avril, 26 Avril, 3 May (1925). Adaption und Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Et Dukkehjem : skuespil i 3 akter. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendal, 1879). = Ibsen, Henrik. Nora oder ein Puppenheim : Schauspiel in drei Aufzügen. (Leipzig : Reclam, 1889). = Ibsen, Henrik. Nora. (London : Griffith, Farran & Co., 1882). = Ibsen, Henrik. A doll's house. (London : T.F. Unwin, 1889). [Erstaufführung Det Kongelige Teater, Kopenhagen 1879].
    傀儡家之庭 (Ibs22, Publication)
  • Source: Xin, Nong. Kui lei zhi jia ting ping. In : Guo wen zhou bao ; vol. 2, no 20 (31 May 1925). [A review of Nora von Henrik Ibsen].
    傀儡之家庭評 (Ibs79, Publication)
  • Source: [Lavrin, Janko]. Yi shu jia de Yibusheng. Jiao Juyin yi. In : Chen bao fu kann ; no 16-17 (1927). Übersetzung von Lavrin, Janko. Ibsen as artist. In : Lavrin, Janko. Ibsen and his creation : a psycho-critical study. (London : W. Collins Sons & Co., 1921).
    藝術家的易卜生 (Ibs61, Publication)
  • Source: Pu, Shunqing. Yibusheng yu Sitelinbao zhi fu nü guan. In : Fun nü za zhi ; vol. 13, no 9 (1927). [Ibsen and Strindberg's views on women].
    易卜生與斯特林堡之婦女觀 (Ibs76, Publication)
  • Source: [Aas, Lars]. Yibusheng de shi ji. Mei Chuan yi. In : Ben liu ; vol. 1, no 3 (1928). Übersetzung von Aas, Lars. The story of Ibsen. In : Bookman (March 1928).
    伊孛生的事蹟 (Ibs43, Publication)
  • Source: [Brandes, Georg]. Yibusheng. Lin Yutang yi. In : Ben liu ; vol. 1, no 3 (1928). Übersetzung von Brandes, Georg. Henrik Ibsen. Vol. 1-3. (Kopenhagen : Gyldendal, 1902-1903).
    易卜生 (Ibs47, Publication)
  • Source: [Ellis, Havelock]. Yibosheng lun. Yu Dafu yi. In : Ben liu ; vol. 1, no 3 (1928). Übersetzung von Ellis, Havelock. Ibsen. In : Ellis, Havelock. The new spririt. (London : G. Bell, 1890).
    伊孛生論 (Ibs52, Publication)
  • Source: Jiao, Juyin. Lun Yibusheng. In : Chen bao fu kan ; 20-28 March 1928. [On Ibsen].
    論易卜生 (Ibs60, Publication)
  • Source: [Roberts, R. Ellis]. Yibusheng. Mei Chuan yi. In : Ben liu ; vol. 1, no 3 (Augs. 1928). Übersetzung von Roberts, R. Ellis. Henrik Ibsen. In : Bookman (March 1928).
    易卜生 (Ibs77, Publication)
  • Source: Yu, Shangyuan. Yibusheng de yi shu. In : Xin yue ; vol. 1, no 30 (May 1928). [The art of Henrik Ibsen].
    伊卜生的藝術 (Ibs85, Publication)
  • Source: [Ibsen, Henrik]. Ye ya. Xu Gudi yi. (Shanghai : Xian dai shu ju, 1929). Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Vildanden : skuespil i fem akter. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendalske, 1884). = Ibsen, Henrik. Die Wildente : Schauspiel in fünf Aufzügen. (Leipzig : P. Reclam, 1887). = Ibsen, Hendrik. The wild duck. (London : W. Scott, 1890). [Urauffährung Den nationale Scene, Berngen 1885].
    野鴨 (Ibs36, Publication)
  • Source: [Brandes, Georg]. Yibusheng zhuan ji qi qing shu. Lin Yutang yi. (Shanghai : Chun chao shu ju, 1929). [Übersetzung von Ibsens Liebesbriefen an Emilie Bardach].
    易卜生傳及其情書 (Ibs66, Publication)
  • Source: Xiong, Foxi. Lun Qun gui. In : Tianjin yi shi bao ; 24 Dec. (1929). [Über Gengangere = Gespenster von Henrik Ibsen].
    論群鬼 (Ibs80, Publication)
  • Source: Xiong, Foxi. She hui gai zao jia de Yibusheng yu xi ju jia de Yibusheng. In : Tianjin yi shi bao ; 21 Dez. (1929). [Ibsen the social reformer and Ibsen the dramatist].
    社會改造家的易卜生與戲劇家的易卜生 (Ibs81, Publication)
  • Source: Chen, Xiying. Yibusheng de xi ju yi shu. In : Wen zhe ji kan ; vol. 1, no 1 (1930). [Henrik Ibsen's dramatic art].
    易卜生的戲劇藝術 (Ibs48, Publication)
  • Source: Chen, Zhice. Yibusheng de Qun gui. In : Rui hu ; vol. 2 (1930). [Ibsen's "Ghosts"].
    易卜生的群鬼 (Ibs50, Publication)
  • Source: [Lavrin, Janko]. Yibusheng yu Xiao Bona. Zhang Menglin yi. In : Xian dai xue sheng ; vol. 1, no 8-9 (1931). Übersetzung von Lavrin, Janko. Ibsen and Shaw. In : Lavrin, Janko. Studies in European literature. (London : Constable, 1929).
    易卜生與蕭伯納 (Ibs62, Publication)
  • Source: Xia, Yingzhe. Li xiang zhong de Nuola. In : Guo wen zhou bao ; 15 April (1934). [Nora von Henrik Ibsen].
    理想中的娜拉 (Ibs78, Publication)
  • Source: Yang, Zhensheng. Nuola yu Luosimo. In : Guo wen zhou bao 21 May (1934). [Nora von Henrik Ibsen und Rosmer].
    娜拉與洛斯墨 (Ibs83, Publication)
  • Source: Bi, Yao. Weiwei yu Nuola. In : Fu nü sheng huo ; vol. 1, no 2 (1935). [Betr. Vivie in Mrs. Warrens profession von George Bernard Shaw und Nora von Henrik Ibsen]
    薇薇與娜拉 (Ibs46, Publication)
  • Source: Mao, Dun. Yibusheng de "Nuola". In : Han yi xi yang wen xue ming zhu (1936). [Artikel über Nora von Henrik Ibsen].
    易卜生的娜拉 (Ibs74, Publication)
  • Source: Yuan, Changying. Yibusheng de Ye ya. In : Yuang, Changying. Shan ju san mo. (Shanghai : Shang wu yin shu guan, 1937). [Artikel über Vildanden = Die Wildente von Henrik Ibsen].
    易卜生的野鴨 (Ibs86, Publication)
  • Source: [Ibsen, Henrik]. Ye ya. Sun Xu yi. (Shanghai : Shang wu yin shu guan, 1938). (Shi jie wen xue ming zhu). Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Vildanden : skuespil i fem akter. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendalske, 1884). = Ibsen, Henrik. Die Wildente : Schauspiel in fünf Aufzügen. (Leipzig : P. Reclam, 1887). = Ibsen, Hendrik. The wild duck. (London : W. Scott, 1890). [Uraufführung Den nationale Scene, Berngen 1885].
    野鴨 (Ibs35, Publication)
  • Source: Mao, Dun. Cong Nuola shuo qi. In : Zhujiang ri bao (1938). [Über Nora von Henrik Ibsen].
    從娜拉說起 : 為珠江日報婦女週刊作 (Ibs72, Publication)
  • Source: [Ibsen, Henrik]. Heda fu ren zhuan. Wu Lümei yi. (Shanghai : Wen xing shu dian, 1945. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Hedda Gabler : skuespil i fire akter. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendalske, 1890). = Ibsen, Henrik. Hedda Gabler : Schauspiel in 4 Aufzügen. (Leizig : Reclam, 1890). = Ibsen, Henrik. Hedda Gabler : a drama in four acts. (London : Heinemann, 1890). [Uraufführung Residenztheater München, 1891].
    赫达夫人传 (Ibs9, Publication)
  • Source: Xiao, Qian. Pei'er Jinte : yi bu qing suan ge ren zhu yi de shi ju. In : Da gong bao Hong Kong und Shanghai ; 15. Aug. (1949). [Peer Gynt : a verse drama condeming individualism]. (Ibs99, Publication)
  • Source: Mao, Dun. Wai guo xi ju zai Zhongguo. In : Suppl. Wai guo xi ju ; no 1 (1980). [Westliches Drama in China ; Erwähnung von Henrik Ibsens Rezeption in China].
    外国戲劇在中国 (Ibs73, Publication)
  • Source: Liao, Kedui. Xi ou xi ju shi. (Beijing : Zhongguo xi ju chu ban she, 1981). [Abhandlung über europäisches Theater ; enthält Henrik Ibsen].
    西欧戏剧史 (Ibs65, Publication)
  • Source: Xu, Xiaozhong. Zai xian Yibusheng : dao yan Pei'er Jinte de si kao. In : Xi ju bao ; no 8 (1983). [My thoughts on staging Peer Gynt]. (Ibs100, Publication)
  • Source: [Ibsen, Henrik]. Yibusheng wen ji. Pan Jiaxun [et al.] yi. Vol. 1-8. (Beijing : Ren min wen xue chu ban she, 1995). [Übersetzung der 26 Dramen von Ibsen].
    易卜生文集

    [Enthält] :
    Shao nian dang. = Qing nian tong meng. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. De unges forbund : lystspil i 5 akter. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendal, 1869). = Ibsen, Henrik. Der Bund der Jugend : Lustspiel in fünf Aufzügen. (Berlin : Paetel, 1872). = Ibsen, Henrik. The league of youth. (London : W. Scott, 1890). [Uraufführung Christiania Theater, Oslo 1869]. 少年當 = 青年同盟

    She hui zhi zhu. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Samfundets stotter : skuespil i fire akter. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendal, 1877). = Ibsen, Henrik. Stützen der Gesellschaft : Schauspiel in vier Aufzügen. Unter Mitwirkung von Emma Klingenfeld veranstaltete deutsche Originalausgabe der "Samfundets stötter". (München : T. Ackermann, 1878). = Ibsen, Henrik. The pillars of society. (London : W. Scott, 1888). [Uraufführung Odense Teater, Dänemark 1877]. 社會石柱

    Qun gui. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Gengangere : et familjedrama i tre akter. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendal, 1881). = Ibsen, Henrik. Gespenster : ein Familiendrama in drei Aufzügen. (Leipzig : Reclam, 1883). = Ibsen, Henrik. Ghosts : a family drama in three acts. (Auckland : Floating Press, 1881). [Uraufführung Aurora Turner Hall Chicago, 1882]. 群鬼

    Wan'ou zhi jia = Nuola. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Et Dukkehjem : skuespil i 3 akter. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendal, 1879). = Ibsen, Henrik. Nora oder ein Puppenheim : Schauspiel in drei Aufzügen. (Leipzig : Reclam, 1889). = Ibsen, Henrik. Nora. (London : Griffith, Farran & Co., 1882). = Ibsen, Henrik. . doll's house. (London : T.F. Unwin, 1889). [Erstaufführung Det Kongelige Teater, Kopenhagen 1879]. 娜拉

    Haida Gaobule. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Hedda Gabler : skuespil i fire akter. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendalske, 1890). = Ibsen, Henrik. Hedda Gabler : Schauspiel in 4 Aufzügen. (Leizig : Reclam, 1890). = Ibsen, Henrik. Hedda Gabler : a drama in four acts. (London : Heinemann, 1890). [Uraufführung Residenztheater München, 1891]. 海達蓋伯樂

    Ye ya. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Vildanden : skuespil i fem akter. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendalske, 1884). = Ibsen, Henrik. Die Wildente : Schauspiel in fünf Aufzügen. (Leipzig : P. Reclam, 1887). = Ibsen, Hendrik. The wild duck. (London : W. Scott, 1890). [Urauffährung Den nationale Scene, Berngen 1885]. 野鴨

    Luoshima zhuang. Yaji'er Ying yi ; Liu Boliang yi. (Shanghai : Shu yan jiu hui, 1927). Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Rosmersholm : skuespil i fire akter. (Kobenhaven : Gyldendal, 1886). = Ibsen, Henrik. Rosmersholm : Schauspiel in 4 Akten. (Berlin : S. Fischer, 1887). = Ibsen, Henrik. Rosmersholm : a play in four acts. (London : Griffith, Farran & Co., 1889). [Uraufführung Den Nationale Scene, Bergen, 1887]. 羅士馬莊

    Hai shang fu ren. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Fruen fra havet : skuespil i fem akter. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendal, 1888). = Ibsen, Henrik. Die Frau vom Meer : Schauspiel : mit dem Scenarium. (Leipzig : Reclam, 1889). = Ibsen, Henrik. The lady from the sea. (London : T.F. Unwin, 1890). [Uraufführung Hoftheater Weimar und Christiania Theater, Oslo 1889]. 海上夫人

    Jian zhu shi. [Repr. aus : Da jiang 1926]. (Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Bygmester Solness : skuespil i 3 akter. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendal, 1892). = Ibsen, Henrik. Baumeister Solness : Schauspiel in drei Aufzügen. (Leipzig : P. Reclam ; Berlin : S. Fischer, 1893). = Ibsen, Henrik. The master buildner. (London : Heinemann, 1892). [Uraufführung Lessingtheater Berlin, 1893]. 建築師

    Xiao Aiyoufu. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Lille Eyolf. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendal, 1894). = Ibsen, Henrik. Klein Eyolf. (Berlin : S. Fischer, 1895). = Ibsen, Henrik. Little Eyolf : a play in 3 acts. (London : William Heinemann, 1895). [Uraufführung Deutsches Theater Berlin, 1895]. 小爱友夫

    Ruohan Gaibolü'er Bokeman. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. John Gabriel Borkman : skuespil i 4 akter. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendal, 1896). = Ibsen, Henrik. John Gabriel Borkman : Schauspiel in vier Aufzügen. (Paris ; Leipzig : A. Langen, 1897). = Ibsen, Henrik. John Gabriel Borkman. (London : Heinemann., 1896). [Zwei Uraufführungen Finnisches Nationaltheater = Suomen Kansallisteatter, Helsinki und am Svenska Teatern, Helsingfors, 1897]. 约翰盖勃吕尔博克曼

    Za men si ren xing lai de shi hou. [Repr. von Wo men si ren zai xing shi 1929]. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Naar vi dode vaagner. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendal, 1899). = Ibsen, Henrik. Wenn wir Toten erwachen : ein dramatischer Epilog in drei Akten. (Berlin : S. Fischer, 1900). = Ibsen, Henrik. When we dead awaken. (London : Heinemann, 1900). [Uraufführung Königliches Hoftheater Stuttgart, 1900]. 咱们死人醒来的时候

    Guo min gong di. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. En folkefiende : skuespil i fem akter. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendal, 1882). = Ibsen, Henrik. Ein Volksfeind : Schauspiel in 5 Aufzügen. (Leipzig : Reclam, ca. 1883). = Ibsen, Henrik. An enemy of the people. (London : W. Scott, 1890). [Uraufführung Christiania Theater, Oslo 1883]. 國民公敵

    Kaidilin. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Catilina : drama i 3 akter. (Christiania : Steensballe, 1850). = Ibsen, Henrik. Catilina : Drama in 3 Akten. (Paris : A. Langen, 1896). = Ibsen, Henrik. Catiline. (New York, N.Y. American-Scandinavian Foundation, 1921). [Uraufführung Nya teatern Stockholm, 1881]. 凯蒂琳

    Aolafu Liliekelansi. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Olaf Liljekrans. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendal, 1902). ). = Ibsen, Henrik. Olaf Liljekrans. (Berlin : S. Fischer, 1898). = Ibsen, Henrik. Olaf Liljekrans. (New York, N.Y. : American-Scandinavian Foundation, 1921). [Geschrieben 1856]. [Uraufführung Det norske Theater Bergen, 1857]. [Geschrieben 1856]. 奥拉夫里列克兰斯

    Esiteluote de ying ge fu ren. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Fru Inger til Osteraad : historisk drama i fem akter. (Christiania : H.J. Jensen, 1857). = Ibsen, Henrik. Frau Inger auf Östrot : Schauspiel in 5 Aufzügen. (Leipzig : Reclam, 1891). = Ibsen, Henrik. Lady Inger of Ostrat. (London : W. Scott, 1890). [Uraufführung Det Norske Teatret, Oslo 1855]. 尼斯特罗斯的英格夫人

    Wangdi yu Jialiliren. Huang Yushi, Gao Rongsheng yi. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Kejser og Galilaer : et verdenshistorisk skuespil. (Kobenhavn : Gyldendal, 1873). = Ibsen, Henrik. Kaiser und Galiläer : welthistorisches Schauspiel. (Leipzig : Reclam, 1887). = Ibsen, Henrik. The emperor and the Galilean : a drama in two parts. (London : S. Tinsley, 1876). [Uraufführung Stadttheater Leipzig 1896].
    皇帝与加利利人

    Pei'er Jinte. Xiao Qian yi. [Repr. Von] In : Wai guo xi ju ; vol. 4 (1981). = [Ibsen, Henrik]. Pei'er Jinte : wu mu san shi ba chang shi ju. Henglike Yibusheng zhu ; Xiao Qian yi. (Chengdu : Sichuan ren min chu ban she, 1983). Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Peer Gynt : et dramatisk digt. (Kjobenhavn : Gyldendal, 1867). = Ibsen, Henrik. Peer Gynt : ein dramatisches Gedicht. (Berlin : Bloch, 1867). = Ibsen, Henrik. Peer Gynt : a dramatic poem. (London : W. Scott, 1890). [Uraufführung Christiania-Theate, Oslo 1876].
    培尔金特 : 五幕三十八场诗剧

    Wu shi zhong = Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Kjaempehojen. In : Scandinavian studies and notes ; vol. 4 (1917). [Nach dem Souffleurbuch des Christiania Theaters]. = (Oslo : Gyldendal, 1928) = Das Hünergrab.[Nicht publiziert] = The burial mound. (Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1970]. [Geschrieben 1850, umgeschrieben 1853. Uraufführung Christiania Theater, Oslo 1850]. 武士冢

    Nuo'er ma huo zheng zhi jia de ai qing. = Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Norma eller en politikers kjaerlighed. In : Andhrimner 1., 8. Juni (1851). = Norma oder Die Liebe eines Politikers. [Nicht publiziert]. = Norma or A politician's wife. (Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1970). [Uraufführung Trondheim 1994]. 诺尔玛或政治家的爱情.

    Suerhao ge de yan hui. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Gildet paa Solhoug : skuespil i tre akter. (Christiania : C. Tonsberg, 1856). = Das Fest auf Solhaug : Schaupsiel in 3 Aufzügen. (Leipzig : Reclam, 1887). = The feast at Solhaug. (London : Heinemann, 1908). [Uraufführung Det norske theater, Bergen 1856]. 苏尔豪格的宴会

    Hai er ge lun de hai dao. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Haermaendene paa Helgeland : skuespil i fire akter. In : Illustreret Nyhedsblad ; 25. April 1858). = (Christiania : H.J. Jensen, 1858). = Nordische Heerfahrt : Trauerspiel in 4 Akten. (München : T. Ackermann, 1876). = Die Helden auf Helgeland. (Berlin : S. Fischer, 1898). = The vikings of Helgeland. (London : W. Scott, 1890). [Erstaufführung Kristiania Norske Theater, Oslo 1858]. 海尔格伦的海盗

    Ai de xi yu. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Kjaerlighedens komedie : komedie i 3 akter. (Christiania : H.J. Jensen, 1862). = Komödie der Liebe : Komödie in drei Akten. (Leipzig : Reclam, 1888). = Love's comedy. (London : Duckworth, 1900). [Uraufführung Christiania Theater, Oslo 1873]. 爱的喜剧

    Ji yu wang wei de ren. Übersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Kongs-Emnerne. (Christiania : Johan Dahl, 1864). = Die Kronprätendenten : historisches Schauspiel in fünf Akten. (Berlin : Paetel, 1872). = The pretenders. (London, W. Scott, 1890). [Uraufführung Christiania Theater, Oslo 1864]. 觊觎王位的人

    Bulugande. = Übeersetzung von Ibsen, Henrik. Brand : et dramatisk digt. (Kjobenhavn : Gyldendal, 1866). = Brand : ein dramatisches Gedicht. (Kassel : Theodor Kay, 1872). = Brand : a dramatic poem. (London : Methuen & Co., 1891). [Uraufführung Neues Theater = Nya Teatern, Stockholm 1885]. 布朗德

    [Ibsen, Henrik]. Shi xuan. Lü Yuan, Lu Yong, He Dong yi. [Übersetzung von 61 Gedichten]. 事選

    [Ibsen, Henrik]. Wen lun. Liu Huakai yi. [Übersetzung von 25 Vorträgen und Theater-Kritiken]. 文论

    Nicht enthalten ? :
    Sancthansnatten. In : Ibsen, Henrik. Efterladt skrifter. (Christiania : Gyldendal, 1909). = Die Johannisnacht. [Nicht publiziert]. = St. John's eve. [Nicht publiziert]. [Uraufführung Det norske theater, Bergen 1853] (Ibs18, Publication)
  • Cited by: Asien-Orient-Institut Universität Zürich (AOI, Organisation)
  • Person: Ibsen, Henrik
  • Person: Tam, Kwok-kan
7 2005 Hao, Tianhu. Ku Hung-ming, an early Chinese reader of Milton. In : Milton quarterly ; vol. 39, no 2 (2005). [Gu Hongming]. Publication / Milt1
  • Cited by: Asien-Orient-Institut Universität Zürich (AOI, Organisation)
  • Person: Gu, Hongming
  • Person: Hao, Tianhu
  • Person: Milton, John
8 2010 Guo, Ting. Translating a foreign writer : a case study of Byron in China. In : Literature compass ; vol. 7, no 9 (2010).
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1741-4113.2010.00727.x/full.
Publication / Byr3
  • Source: Mao, Dun. Xin wen xue yan jiu zhe de ze ren ji nu li. In : Xiao shuo yue bao ; vol. 12, no 2 (1921). [Betr. u.a. Oscar Wilde]. (WilO23, Publication)
  • Source: [Byron, George Gordon ; Shelley, Percy Bysshe]. Haluo'erde de lü xing ji qi ta. Bailun, Xuelai zhu ; Yuan Shuipai, Ran Fang [et al.] yi. (Chongqing : Wen chen she, 1944). (Wen zhen xin ji ; 1). Übersetzung von Byron, George Gordon. Childe Harold's pilgrimage : a romaunt. (London : Printed for John Murray, 1812). [Übersetzung der Gedichte von Byron und Shelley ; erste vollständige Übsetzung von Childe Harold's pilgrimage].
    哈羅爾德的旅行及其他 (Byr27, Publication)