Gallhorn, Martha
(St. Louis, Missouri 1908-1998 London) : Journalistin, Schriftstellerin
Subjects
History of Media
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Index of Names : Occident
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Literature : Occident : United States of America
Chronology Entries (18)
| # | Year | Text | Linked Data |
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| 1 | 1940.10.21 |
Letter from Ernest Hemingway to Charles Scribner ; 21 Oct. 1940. All matters are being fixed up so Martha [Gellhorn] and I can get married in November. Her idea of fun after that is to go to the Burma Road. I wish to Christ she had written this book and I was marrying her. But I like everything once it starts so I guess I will like the Burma Road and then will probably want to stay out on the Burma road and Martha will want to go to Keokuk Iowa. |
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| 2 | 1940.12.26 |
Letter from Ernest Hemingway to Hadley Mowrer ; 26 Dec. 1940. Marty [Martha Gellhorn] goes to Manila and Hongkong on Clipper of Jan. 15. I go on Clipper of Feb. 7. Meet her in Hongkong. [The dates changed]. |
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| 3 | 1941 |
Ernest Hemingway and Martha Gellhorn in China. Jeffrey Meyers : The uncomfortable, exhausting and often boring trip to China was a disappointing experience for Ernest Hemingway. He had no real interest in the country and went only to accompany Martha Gellhorn. He had a good time in Hong Kong, did his duty at the tedious official functions and tried to ignore the horrors that made Martha writhe with discomfort. He never actually saw the war – or anything else of extraordinary interest – during this quiescent period in China. He did not feel he knew enough to write fiction about China. After his experience in Spain and China, he believed that the lies, propaganda and censorship necessary in wartime made it almost impossible to be an honorable correspondent. Peter Moreira : Martha Gellhorn interpreted the situation in China as fitting cleanly into the same pattern as the other conflicts she had covered. The evil aggressors were the Japanese and the noble defenders were the Chinese led by Chiang Kai-shek. She wanted to cover this war so her crusading journalism could shed light on the plight of the beleaguered Chinese and bolster American support for what was then known as Free China. Both Hemingway and Gellhorn realized that China under Chiang Kai-shek was not a democracy. |
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| 4 | 1941 |
Gellhorn, Martha. Travels with myself and another [ID D30445]. "He [Ernest Hemingway] learned to speak coolie English, a language related to West African pidgin and Caribbean English, and was seen laughing with waiters and rickshaw coolies and street vendors, all parties evidently enjoying each other. He love Chinese food and would return from feasts with his Chinese crook-type friends searing they'd been served by geisha girls, and describe the menu until I begged him to stop, due to queasiness. He was ready to try anything, including snake wine, the snakes presumably coiled and pickled in the bottom of the jug… He felt that the Hongkong Chinese, given to gambling, rice wine and fire-crackers, had great savoir vivre." |
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| 5 | 1941 |
Ernest Hemingway, acting as correspondent for the newspaper PM [Post Meridian, ed. by Ralph Ingersoll] and Martha Gellhorn, writing for Collier's magazine. Hemingway's mission was to study the strategic, economic and politic situation, see how Chiang Kai-shek's war against Japan was progressing and decide how the war affected American commercial and military interests in the Orient. |
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| 6 | 1941.02.22 | Ernest Hemingway and Martha Gellhorn fly aboard Pan-Am's China Clipper from Honolulu and arrive in Hong Kong. They checked into the Hong Kong Hotel. They went to Happy Valley to attend the annual meeting of the Royal Hong Kong Jockey Club as the guests of Consul General Addison Southard. |
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| 7 | 1941.02.22-03.25 |
Ernest Hemingway and Martha Gellhorn in Hong Kong. They lived in the Hong Kong Hotel and moved later to the Repulse Bay Hotel. He met Morris Cohen, Addison E. Southard, Lauchlin Currie, William Langhorne Bond, Emily Hahn, Ramon Lavalle, Carl Blum [Manager U.S. Rupper Co.], Rewi Alley, Charles Boxer, Soong May-ling, Soong Ai-ling, Soong Ching-ling [Song Qingling]. |
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| 8 | 1941.02.23-24 |
Ernest Hemingway granted interview to reporters from the South China Morning Post and the Hong Kong Daily Press for their Monday editions. South China Morning Post "He is a good boxer, fine marksman and an excellent soldier. One of America's greatest living writers, Hemingway has already on his first visit to China made a host of friends. Every one who has met him has been impressed by the force of his personality and unaffected charm of manner. His wife [Martha Gellhorn], too, also a brilliant and competent journalist, has already become popular. She intends leaving for the interior of China soon on a special assignment." |
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| 9 | 1941.02.25-27 | Martha Gellhorn leaves Hong Kong for a scouting mission by plane with pilot Royal Leonard. They flew to Chongqing, Kunming, after 16 hours landed at Lashio, where Gellhorn spent the night. They returned up the Burma Road to Kunming, where the Japanese kept bombing. They flew back to Hong Kong, stopped in Chongqing to pick up Lauchlin Currie. Ernest Hemingway stay at Hong Kong. |
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| 10 | 1941.03.01 | Ernest Hemingway and Martha Gellhorn had dinner with Lauchlin Currie. |
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| 11 | 1941.03.01 |
Letter from Martha Gellhorn to Charles Colebaugh. There is a very good story here. The city [Hong Kong] is jammed, half a million extra Chinese refugees. It is rich and rare and startling and complicated. |
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| 12 | 1941.03.08 |
Letter from Martha Gellhorn to Alexander Woollcott. Hong Kong is 'awful jolly'. Ernest [Hemingway] goes about really learning something about the country and I go about dazed and open mouthed. |
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| 13 | 1941.03.25-04.05 |
[Ernest Hemingway and Martha Gellhorn travel in China]. Ernest Hemingway and Martha Gellhorn leave Hong Kong by plane into the Guangdong province. They had flown over Japanese lines, made a landing in Nanxiong (Guangdong) and arrive in Shaoguan (Guangdong). They had worked with Guomingdang officials in Hong Kong in planning the voyage, and the government made sure they were escorted and provided with hospitality. Two Guomindang officers were Mr. Ma [Xia Jixong], a political officer and translater and Mr. Ho, the transport officer. March 26 they had an appointment to meet Guomingdang General Yu Hanmou (1896–1981) and several officers from his staff. He gave them a permission to visit the front as soon as transportation could be arranged. On March 28 they travel south down the North River [Bei jiang] to Shaoguan (Guangdong), by boat, then ride horses to the front, where they were to witness Chinese troops fighting the Japanese. A group of soaked soldiers was awaiting them. This was their first glimpse of rural China. The group spent the night at the divisional headquarters. They visited a local monastery and dined with the governor of the province. March 28, Ernest Hemingway and Martha Gellhorn leave Shaoguan (Guangdong) and arrive on April 4 in Guilin, where they booked into the Palace Hotel. Hemingway visited the caves in the mountains. He said that one day he hoped to visit the Great Wall of China. |
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| 14 | 1941.03.25.04.05 |
Gellhorn, Martha. The face of war [D30443]. [Betr. auch Ernest Hemingway]. I wanted to see the Orient before I died ; and the Orient was across the world from what I loved and feared for. Journalism now turned into an escape route. My assignment was to report on the defenses of Hong Kong, Singapore and the Dutch East Indies, take a look at the Burma Road, and find out how the Sino-Japanese War was getting on. There was a severe censorship in China, but I was more troubled by an interior censorship, which made it possible for me to write properly. I had been included, twice, in luncheon parties given by the Chiangs [Chiang Kai-shek, Soong May-ling]. They struck me as the two most determined people I had met in my life. The Army is constantly studying from experience and making profit out of mistakes. The building and grounds of the Army are the cleanest and best cared for we have seen in China. What this Army lacks in equ9ipment, it tries to make up in training and organization. The discipline is Prussian in its sternness and efficiency and the result is an Army of five million men which has no shoes but has a sound knowledge of how to fight. When we dismounted at the first divisional headquarters, we were greeted by posters in English : "Welcome to the Representatives of Righteousness and Peace, Consolidate All Democracy Nations We Will Resist until Final Victory, Democracy Only survives Civilization". The General said, was that if America would send planes, arms and money, China could defeat Japan alone. By a persistent campaign of frightfulness in captures villages and cities, the Japanese have roused this almost too long-suffering, reasonable, pacific ract to fierce hate. There is no talk of compromise or peace among the Chinese fighting forces. A Chinese soldier gets one thousand national dollars for any Japanese prisoner captured alive. Despite this huge sum of money, the soldiers shoot any Japanese troops they can lay hands on, as an immediate personal vengeance for the misery of people like themselves in villages like their own homes. After nine hours riding, and no food or water, I was fairly tired, but not so the Chinese. They accept calmly anything that happens : hunger, fatigue, cold, thirst, pain or danger. They are the toughest people imaginable, as no doubt the Japanese realize. The Japanese can never conquer China by force. And time does not matter in China. Four years of war is a long time. But perhaps if your history goes back four thousand years it does not seem so long. The Chinese are born patient, and they learn endurance when they start to breathe. |
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| 15 | 1941.04.06-04.15 |
Ernest Hemingway and Martha Gellhorn fly to Chongqing. They live in Song Ziwen's house Whatchumcallit . Hemingway met Theodore H. White, had a meeting with Chinese generals and a session with He Yingqing and Zhou Enlai. He met William Lederer. Hemingway later admit to Harry Dexter White and Henry Morgenthau that life in Chongqing was extremely difficult and unpleasant. April 9, Hemingway and Gellhorn meet Ambassador Nelson Trusler Johnson in Chongqing. April 10, Hemingway flies to Chengdu (Sichuan), Martha Gellhorn remained in Chongqing. April 11, Hemingway sees the construction of the airfield of Chengdu (Sichuan). He visited a Chinese military academy, watched workers who build an airfield and met professors at Chengdu University. April 12, Hemingway returns to Chongqing. April 14, Hemingway and Gellhorn have lunch with Chiang Kaishek and Soong May-ling and a banquet at Jialin Hotel. They discussed military, political and economic affairs and the relations with the Communists. April 15, Hemingway and Gellhorn have their second interview with Soong May-ling. |
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| 16 | 1941.04.15 | Ernest Hemingway and Martha Gellhorn left Chongqing, flew to Kunming and over the Burma Road to Lashio (Burma). Tey spend the night in the CNAC Inn in Lashio. From Lashio they drove by car to Mandalay and for a week by train to Rangoon. |
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| 17 | 1941.04.28 |
Ernest Hemingway flies to Hong Kong. He stayed at the Peninsula Hotel. He met Charles Boxer, Ramon Lavalle and James Roosevelt.. Martha Gellhorn went to Singapore, the Dutch East Indies, Batavia and Bandoeng. |
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| 18 | 1941 | Martha Gellhorn returns to San Francisco. |
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Bibliography (2)
| # | Year | Bibliographical Data | Type / Abbreviation | Linked Data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1979 | Gellhorn, Martha. Travels with myself and another. (New York, N.Y. : Dodd, Mead and Co., 1979). [Kap. Mr. Ma's tigers betr. Reise in China 1941 mit Ernest Hemingway]. [Basiert auf ihren Artikeln an Collier's magazine 1941]. | Publication / Hem10 | |
| 2 | 1988 | Gellhorn, Martha. The face of war. (New York, N.Y. : Atlantic Monthly Press, 1988). Pt. 3 : War in China. | Publication / Hem8 |
Secondary Literature (1)
| # | Year | Bibliographical Data | Type / Abbreviation | Linked Data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2006 |
Moreira, Peter. Hemingway on the China front : his WWII spy mission with Martha Gellhorn. (Washington, D.C. : Potomac Books, 2006). [Permission for quotations from Moreire, Peter. Hemingway in China by Samuel R. Dorrance, Ed. Potomac Books]. |
Publication / Hem6 |