China and the West

Michael Saso ist Assistant Professor of Anthropology der Washington State University, Pullman.

Ross Terrill promoviert in Political Science an der Harvard University.

Ross Terrill ist Lecturer an der Harvard University.

Ross Terrill ist Mitherausgeber des Atlantic monthly.

Tu Kuo-ch'ing erhält den M.A. in Japanese Literature der Kwansei Gakuin University, der University of California, Santa Barbara.

Gilles Chouraqui ist Sekretär der französischen Botschaft in Beijing.

Ross Terrill ist Research Associate in East Asian Studies der Harvard University.

Philip West ist Assistant, dann Associate Professor of Modern Chinese History der Indiana University, Bloomington.

Klaus Sagaster ist Wissenschaftlicher Rat und Professor für Sprach- und Kulturwissenschaft Zentralasiens der Universität Bonn.

Piero Corradini ist Professore straordinario di storia e civiltà dell'Estremo Oriente des Istituto universitario orientale di Napoli.

Enrica Collotti Pischel ist Docente der Università di Turino, dann der Università di Bologna.

Giorgio Melis reist nach Hong Kong und Taiwan.

Das British Council und das Hong Kong Urban Council organisieren "The appreciation of Shakespearean Drama". Aufführung von Szenen aus The winter's tale, Hamlet, Twelfth night und Othello durch das London Shakespeare Theatre.

Film : Xun mu san qian li = 寻母三千里 [Three thousand leagues in search of mother] unter der Regie von Gao Renhe nach De Amicis, Edmondo. Cuore : libro per ragazzi. (Milano : Treves, 1888).

Film : Zuo tian, jin tian, ming tian = 昨天今天明天 [Yesterday, today, tomorrow] unter der Regie von Patrick Lung Kong nach Camus, Albert. La peste. (Paris : Gallimard, 1947).

Philippe Sollers 1970-1971.
Eric Hayot : The important relation to Chinese writing remained strong throughout Philippe Soller's move toward Maoism at the end of the 1960s. His translation of ten poems by Mao in 1970, for instance, while signaling Tel quel's political interest in China, also adopted a theory of translation.
The advent of China's Cultural Revolution played a vital role in the transformation of Soller's Poundian China into Tel quel's vastly more energetic and political version.
Sollers in 1968 and 1969 began debates among the Tel quel editorial committee designed to move the journal toward a Maoist politics – politics that would only surface fully in 1971, after the final breat with the French Communist Party.
Sollers writes that the Cultural Revolution is 'the battle of a long-repressed thought, of a mass revolutionary practice now consolidated in the light of day'.
Soller's presumption that China is ideal material for an ideological avant-garde suggests that whatever his notion of China was, it remained tied up in some sense of the radical possibilities of the East. In fact the demand that China's worth be recognized, though promted in part by China's growing political and economic power, continues to depend on an 'invented' or imaginary China.

Hemingway, Ernest. Islands in the stream [ID D30447]. [Hemingway's semi-autobiographical hero Thomas Hudson tells friends in a Cuban bar about Hong Kong].
At this time I was in Hong Kong which is a very wonderful city where I was very happy and had a crazy life. There is a beautiful bay and on the mainland side of the bay is the city of Kowloon. Hong Kong itself is on a hilly island that is beautifully wooded and there are winding roads up to the top of the hills and houses built high up in the hills and the city is at the base of the hill facing Kowloon. You go back and forth by fast, modern ferry boats. This Kowloon is a fine city and you would like it very much. It is clean and well laid-out and the forest comes to the edge of the city and there is very fine wood pigeon shooting just outside of the compound of the Women's Prison. We used to shoot the pigeons, which were large and handsome with lovely purple shading feathers on their necks, and a strong swift way of flying, when they would come in to roost just at twilight in a huge laurel tree that grew just outside the whitewashed wall of the prison compound. Sometimes I would take a high incomer, coming very fast with the wind behind him, directly overhead and the pigeon would fall inside the compound of the prison and you would hear the women shouting and squealing with delight as they fought over the bird and then squealing and shrieking as the Sikh guard drove them off and retrieved the bird which he then brought dutifully out to us through the sentry's gate of the prison.
The mainland around Kowloon was called the New Territories and it was hilly and forested and there were many wood pigeons, and in the evening you could hear them calling to each other… At this time it was so valuable that we were using DC-2's, transport planes such as fly from here to Miami, to fly it over from a field at Nam Yung in Free China to Kai Tak airport at Kowloon. From there it was shipped to the States. It was considered very scarce and of vital importance in our preparations for war since it was needed for hardening steel, yet anyone could go out and dig up as much of it in the hills of the New Territories as he or she could carry on a flat basket balanced on the head to the big shed where it was bought clandestinely. I found this out when I was hunting wood pigeons and I brought it to the attention of people purchasing wolfram in the interior. No one was very interested and I kept bringing it to the attention of people of higher rank until one day a very high officer who was not at all interested that wolfram was there free to be dug up in the new Territories said to me, 'But after all, old boy, the Nam Yung set-up is functioning you know'. But when we shot in the evenings outside the women's prison and would see an old Douglas twin-motor plane come in over the hills and slide down towards the airfield, and you knew it was loaded with sacked wolfram and had just flown over the Jap lines, it was strange to know that many of the women in the women's prison were there for having been caught digging wolfram illicitly…
There are many islands and bays around Hong Kong and the water is clear and beautiful. The New Territories was really a wooded and hilly peninsula that extended out from the mainland and the island Hong Kong was built on is in the great, blue, deep bay that runs from the South China Sea all the way up to Canton. In the winter the climate was much as it is today when there is a norther blowing, with rain and blustery weather and it was cool for sleeping.
I would wake in the mornings and even if it were raining I would walk to the fish market. Their fish are almost the same as ours and the basic food fish is the red grouper. But they had very fat and shining pompano and huge prawns, the biggest I have ever seen. The fish market was wonderful in the early morning when the fish were brought in shining and fresh caught and there were quite a few fish I did not know, but not many and there were also wild ducks for sale that had been trapped. You could see pin-tails, teal, widgeon, both males and females in winter plumage, and there were wild ducks that I had never seen with plumage as delicate and complicated as our wood ducks. I would look at them and their unbelievable plumage and their beautiful eyes and see the shining, fat, new-caught fish and the beautiful vegetables all manured in the truck gardens by human excrement, they called it 'night-soil' there, and the vegetables were as beautiful as snakes. I went to the market very morning, and every morning it was a delight.
Then in the mornings there were always people being carried through the streets to be buried, with the mourners dressed in white and a band playing gay tunes. The tune they played oftenest for funeral processions that year was 'Happy Days Are Here Again'. During a day you were almost never out of sound of it, for people were dying in great numbers and there were said to be four hundred millionaires living on the Island besides whatever millionaires were living in Kowloon.
Mostly Chinese millionaries. But millionaries of all sorts. I knew many millionaires myself and we used to have lunch together at the great Chinese restaurants. They had several restaurants that are as great as any in the world and the Cantonese cooking is superb. My best friends that year were ten millionaries, all of whom I knew only by their first two initials, H.M., M.Y., T.V., H.J., and so on. All important Chinese were known in this way. Also three Chinese generals, one of whom came from Whitechapel in London and was a truly splendid man, an inspector of police ; about sis pilots for the Chinese National Aviation Company, who were making fabulous money and earning all of it and more ; a policeman ; a partially insane Australian ; a number of British officers… I had more friends, close and intimate friends, in Hong Kong than I ever had before or since…
Oh, in Hong Kong the millionares had scouts all through the country. All over China…

Rexroth, Kenneth. One hundred more poems : love and the turning year [ID D32197].
Anonymous (Han Dynasty)
Home
Life is Long

Anonymous (Six Dynasties)
All Year Long
Bitter Cold
I Can No Longer Untangle my Hair
In Spring We Gather Mulberry Leaves
Kill That Crowing Cock
My Lover will Soon be Here
Night Without End
Nightfall
Our Little Sister is Worried
The Cuckoo Calls from the Bamboo Grove
The Fish Weeps
The Girl by Green River
The Months Go By
This Morning Our Boat Left
What is the Matter with Me?

Chang, Chi = Zhang, Ji (Xiangnan, Hubei 712-715-779)
Night at Anchor by Maple Bridge
The Birds from the Mountains
A Faithful Wife

Ch'ang, Ch'u Ling = Chang, Chuling (673-740)
Since You Left
http://creative.sulekha.com/since-you-left-my-lover-ch-ang-ch-u-ling_28354_blog.
"Since you left, my lover,
I can't take care of myself.
I do nothing but think of you.
I fade like the waning moon."

Ch'ang, Kuo Fan = Chang, Guofan (?)
On his Thirty-third Birthday
http://laudatortemporisacti.blogspot.ch/2010/07/what-did-i-gain.html.
"More than thirty years have rushed
By me like a runaway
Chariot. I too have spent
My life rushing here and there
From one end of the country'
To the other. I long for
The homestead where I was born,
A thousand mountain ranges
Away. Like yellow leaves in
The decline of Summer a
Few white hairs have already
Appeared on my head. All my
Travels only made tracks
In drifting sand. I piled up
Learning like a snowball.
I crossed mountains and passed
Examinations and gave
Learned speeches. What did I gain?
Better I stayed home
And raised prize melons."

Ch'en, T'ao = Chen, Tao (824-882)
Her Husband Asks her to Buy a Bolt of Silk

Ch'en, Yu Yi = Chen Yuyi (1090-1139)
Enlightenment
Spring Morning

Chiang, Chieh = Jiang, Jie (Jiangsu 1245-1319)
To the Tune "The Fair Maid of Yu"

Chiang, She Ch'uan = Jiang, Shichuan ? (?)
Evening Lights on the River
Twilight in the River Pavilion
http://buffleheadcabin.com/post/200883725/twilight-in-the-river-pavilion-by-chiang-she-chuan.
"I lean on my rustic gate
Above the swift river
In the evening and hear
The distant sound of women
Beating clothes. The little bridge
Arches over the fishes
And turtles. Once in a great while
Someone crosses. A reflection
Appears on the water, then is gone."

Ch'ien, Ch'i = Qian, Qi (710–782)
Mount T'ai P'ing
Visit to the Hermit Ts'ui

Ch'ien Wen of Liang (Hsiao Kang), Emperor = Jian Wen of Liang, Xiao Gang (503–551)
Flying Petals
Rising in Winter

Ch'in, Ch'ang Siu = Qin, Changxiu ? (?)
Spring Sorrow

Chu, Chen Po = Zhu, Zhenbo ? (?)
Hedgehog
The Rustic Temple is Hidden

Ch'u, Ch'uang I = Chu, Chuangyi ? (frühes 8. Jh.)
A Mountain Spring
Country House
Evening in the Garden Clear After Rain
Tea

Chu, Shu Chen = Zhu, Shuzhen (ca. 1135 – 1180)
Lost
Sorrow

Fan, Yun (Wuyin, Henan 451-503)
Farewell to Shen Yueh

Fu, Hsüan = Fu, Xuan (217–278)
Thunder

Han, Yu (Mengxian, Henan 768-824)
Amongst the Cliffs
"The path up the mountain is hard
To follow through the tumbled rocks.
When I reach the monastery
The bats are already flying.
I go to the guest room and sit
On the steps. The rain is over.
The banana leaves are broad.
The gardenias are in bloom.
The old guest master tells me
There are ancient paintings on the
Walls. He goes and gets a light.
I see they are incomparably
Beautiful. He spreads my bed
And sweeps the mat. He serves me
Soup and rice. It is simple
Food but nourishing. The night
Goes on as I lie and listen
To the great peace. Insects chirp
And click in the stillness. The
Pure moon rises over the ridge
And shines in my door. At daybreak
I get up alone. I saddle
My horse myself and go my way.
The trails are all washed out.
I go up and down, picking my
Way through storm clouds on the mountain.
Red cliffs, green waterfalls, all
Sparkle in the morning light.
I pass pines and oaks ten men
Could not reach around. I cross
Flooded streams. My bare feet stumble
On the cobbles. The water roars.
My clothes whip in the wind. This
Is the only life where a man
Can find happiness. Why do I
Spend my days bridled like a horse
With a cruel bit in his mouth?
If I only had a few friends
Who agreed with me we'd retire
To the mountains and stay till our lives end."

Ho, Ch'e Ch'ang = He, Chechang ? (?)
Homecoming

Ho, Hsun = He, Xun (466/469-519)
Spring Breeze
The Traveler

Hsieh, Ling Yuen = Xie, Lingyun (385-433)
By T'ing Yang Waterfall

Hsieh, Ngao = Xie, Xiao ? (?)
Wind Tossed Dragons
http://www.planet-of-the-blind.com/2011/10/wind-tossed-dragons.html.
"The shadows of the cypresses
On the moonlit avenue
To the abandoned palace
Weave in tangles on the road
Like great kelp in the depths of the sea.
When the palace was full of people
I used to see this all the time
And never noticed how beautiful it was.
Mid-Autumn full moon, the luminous night
Is like a boundless ocean. A wild
Wind blows down the empty birds' nests
And makes a sound like the waves of the sea
In the branches of the lonely trees."

Hsin, Ch'i Chi = Xin Qiji (1140-1207)
To an Old Tune

Huang, T'ing Ch'ien [Chien] = Huang, Tingjian (1045-1105)
Clear Bright

Kao, Chi [Ch'i] = Gao, Qi (1336-1374)
The Old Cowboy
"Other oxen have long curly horns.
My ox has a long bare tail.
I tag along behind,
Holding it like a flute or a whip.
We wander from the Southern hill
To the Eastern cliffs.
When he is tired or hungry,
I always know what to do.
Sunset, my ox ambles slowly home.
As he walks along,
I sing a song.
When he lies down,
I do too.
At night in the barn
I sleep by his side.
I am old. I take care of my ox.
I have nothing else to do.
I only worry that some day
They will sell my ox
To pay their taxes."

Kuan, Yun She [Kuang, Yünshih] = Guan, Yunshi (12886-1324)
Seventh Day Seventh Month

Li, Ch'ing Chao = Li, Qingzhao (1084-1155)
A Weary Song to a Slow Sad Tune
To the Tune "A Lonely Flute on the Phoenix Terrace"
To the Tune "Cutting a Flowering Plum Branch"
To the Tune "Drunk Under Flower Shadows"
To the Tune "Spring at Wu Ling"
To the Tune "The Boat of Stars

Li, P'in = Li, Pin (818-876)
Crossing Han River

Li, Shang Yin = Li, Shangyin (ca. 1813-1858)
Evening Comes
Her Beauty is Hidden
I Wake Up Alone
The Candle Casts Dark Shadows
The Old Harem
When Will I Be Home?

Liu, Ch'ang Ch'ing = Liu, Changqing (709-785)
Snow on Lotus Mountain

Liu, Yü Hsi = Liu, Yuxi (772-842)
Drinking with Friends Amongst the Blooming Peonies
To the Tune "Glittering Sword Hilts"

Lu, Chi = Lu, Ji = Shiheng (Suzhou, Zhejiang 261-303)
She Thinks of her Beloved
Visit to the Monastery of Good Omen

Lu, Kuei Meng = Lu, Guimeng (gest. 881)
To an Old Tune

Lu, Yu = Lu, You (Boat on Wei river 1125-1209)
In the Country
Insomnia
Lazy
Rain on the River

Meng, Hao Jan = Meng, Haoran (Xiangyang, Hubei 689-740)
Night on the Great River
Returning by Night to Lu-men

Ng, Shao = Wu ?, Shao (?)
The New Wife

P'an, Lady = Pan, Lady = Ban, Jieyu (ca.48-6 v. Chr., Concubine)
A Present from the Emperor's New Concubine
http://www.csupomona.edu/~inch/group1/DOAIST.PDF.
"I took a piece of the rare cloth of Ch’i,
White silk glowing and pure as frost on snow,
And made you a fan of harmony and joy,
As flawlessly round as the full moon.
Carry it always, nestled in your sleeve.
Wave it and it will make a cooling breeze.
I hope, that when Autumn comes back
And the North wind drives away the heat,
You will not store it away amongst old gifts
And forget it, long before it is worn out."

P'an, Yueh (P'an Yeng Jen) = Pan, Yue (Pan, Anren) (Zhongmu, Henan 247–300)
In Mourning for his Dead Wife
http://www.worldcat.org/title/love-and-the-turning-year-one-hundred-more-poems-from-the-chinese/oclc/142145&referer=brief_results.
"Winter and Spring have come and gone.
Once more Autumn overtakes
Summer. She has returned to
The Hidden Springs. And all the
World separates us forever.
Who will listen to my secrets
Now? Who will I live for now?
I try to do my job at Court,
And reluctantly go through
The motions of duty, and
Take up the tasks I had dropped.
When I come home I can think
Only of her. When I come
In our room I expect to see her.
I catch her shadow on the
Screens and curtains. Her letters
Are the most precious examples
Of calligraphy. Her perfume
Still haunts the bedroom. Her clothes
Still hang there in the closet.
She is always alive in
My dreams. I wake with a start.
She vanishes. And I
Am overwhelmed with sorrow.
Two birds made a nest and then
There was only one. A pair
Of fishes were separated
And lost in the current.
The Autumn wind blows. The morning
Is misty, with dripping eaves.
All through the troubled night I was
Not able to forget in sleep.
I hope the time will come when
I am calm enough to beat
On a pot like Chuang Tzu did."

Pao, Yu = Bao, You ? (?)
Viaticum

Po, Chü I = Bo, Juyi = Bai, Juyi (Xinzhen, Henan 772-846)
The Bamboo by Li Ch’e Yun's Window

Shen, Yueh = Shen, Yue = Shen, Xiuwen (Huzhou, Zhejiang 441-513)
Farewell to Fan Yun at An Ch'eng

Su, Tung P'o = Su Shi = Su, Dongpo (Meishan, Sichuan 1037-1101 Changzhou, Jiangsu)
Remembering Min Ch'e (a Letter to his Brother Su Che)

Su, Wu
Drafted
"They married us when they put
Up our hair. We were just twenty
And fifteen. And ever since,
Our love has never been troubled.
Tonight we have the old joy
In each other, although our
Happiness will soon be over.
I remember the long march
That lies ahead of me, and
Go out and look up at the stars,
To see how the night has worn on.
Betelgeuse and Antares
Have both gone out. It is time
For me to leave for far off
Battlefields. No way of knowing
If we will ever see each
Other again. We clutch each
Other and sob, our faces
Streaming with tears. Goodbye, dear.
Protect the Spring flowers of
Your beauty. Think of the days
When we were happy together.
If I live I will come back.
If I die, remember me always."

T'ao, Hung Ching (T'ao T'ung Ming) = Tao, Hongjing (Tao Tongming) (Moling 451/456-536, Huayang)
Freezing Night

T'ao, Yuan Ming (Tao Chin) = Tao, Yuanming = Tao, Qian (Xunyang = Jiujiang, Jiangxi 365-427)
I Return to the Place I Was Born

T'ien, Hung = Tian, Hong (?)
Dew on the Young Garlic Leaves

Ts'ui, Hao = Cui, Hao (ca. 704-754)
By the City Gate

Tu, Fu = Du, Fu (Gongxian, Henan 712-770)
Spring Rain

Tu, Mu = Du, Mu (Chang'an 803-852)
View from the Cliffs
We Drink Farewell

Wang, Chang Ling [Ch'ang] = Wang, Xhangling (698–756)
A Sorrow in the Harem

Wang, Hung Kung = Wang, Honggong = Rexroth, Kenneth
In the Mountain Village

Wang, Shi Ch'eng (Wang, I Shang) = Wang, Shicheng (Wang, Yishang) ( ?)
At Ch'en Ch'u

Wang, Wei (Shanxi 701-761)
Autumn
Autumn Twilight in the Mountains
Bird and Waterfall Music 
Deep in the Mountain Wilderness
"Deep in the mountain wilderness
Where nobody ever comes
Only once in a great while
Something like the sound of a far off voice,
The low rays of the sun
Slip through the dark forest,
And gleam again on the shadowy moss."
Twilight Comes

Wan, T'ing Yen = Wen, Tingyun = Wan, Wenqi (Qin, Shanxi 812-870)
In the Mountains as Autumn Begins
Passing a Ruined Palace

Wu of Han, Emperor = Han Wudi (156-87 v. Chr.) = Liu, Che
Autumn Wind
From the Most Distant Time

Wu of Liang, Emperor = Liang Wudi = Xiao, Yan (Nanlanding 464-549)
The Morning Sun Shines
Water Lilies Bloom

Wu, Wei Ye = Wu, Weiye (1609–1671)
At Yuen Yang Lake

Yang of Sui, Emperor = Yang, Guang (569-618)
Spring River Flowers Moon Night

Yuan, Chi = Yuan, Ji ? = Ruan, Ji ? (210-263)
Deep Night
http://orientem.blogspot.ch/2009/08/deep-night-by-yuan-chi-210-263.html.
"Deep night. I cannot sleep.
I get up and sing softly to my lute.
Moonlight glows in the gauze curtains.
I open my night gown, and let
The fresh night air bathe my body.
A lonely wild goose cries out
In the distant meadow.
A night bird flies calling through the trees.
I come and go without rest.
What do I gain by it?
My mind is distracted by worries
That will never cease.
My heart is all bruised
By the troubled ghosts who haunt it."

Yuan, Mei (Hangzhou 1716–1797)
Summer Day
Winter Night

Soren Egerod ist Herausgeber der Acta orientalia.

Nach Aufenthalt in Lateinamerika kehren Sven und Cecilia Lindqvist nach Schweden zurück.