China and the West

Hugh Fraser ist erster Sekretär und Chargé d'affaires der britischen Gesandtschaft in Beijing.

John Gardiner Austin ist Gouverneur von Hong Kong.

Adrien Bellanger kommt 1874 in Shanghai an, reist nach Beijing und beobachtet ausserhalb der Stadt die Venus mit seinen Instrumenten der Académie des sciences de Paris. 1875 reist er nach Beijing und Tianjin.

Henri Havret ist verantwortlich für die Xujiahui Bibliothek und unterrichtet Philosophie und Theologie an den Missionsschulen der Jesuiten in Xujiahui.

Armand David kehrt nach Europa zurück.

Oscar Wilde was 1871 in Trinity College Dublin and tutored by J.P. Mahaffy. He travelled with Mahaffy to Italy in 1875 and Greece in 1877, and was considerably influences by his former tutor's aesthetic perception. The contention of Mahaffy about Chinese civilization is shown in Twelve lectures on primitive civilization and their physical conditions, in which Mahaffy discusses the development of various civilisations in world history. [Siehe Mahaffy].
As an undergraduate at Magdalen College, Oxford, Wilde had his considerable collection of blue-and-white porcelain housed on the shelves. His remark "I find it harder and harder every day to live up to my blue china" brought him fame in the university. Wilde's enthusiasm for blue-and-white was a confirmation of his identity as an aesthete.

Ernest Fenollosa graduiert in Philosophy and Sociology am Harvard College.

Joseph Hopkins Twichell reported that ninety Chinese boys had already been sent to the New England states : "Here the boys are, and the Church of Christ is called upon to regard them with tender interest, to pray for them, and to watch them with real solicitude."

Letter from Mark Twain to Dean Sage ; 22 April (1875), Hartford, Conn.
"[Joseph Hopkins] Twichell & I were to do the Centennial together; but he had a remorseful streak after his loose career & indecent conversation in Brooklyn & while under the spell of it he concluded to stay at his post on Sunday. He preached twice that day, left here at [midnight], took an early breakfast in Boston, infested Concord & Lexington all day & reached Hartford after [midnight] that night, so as to be on hand early next day—for he had an opportunity to bury a Chinaman with some Congregational orgies & would h not have missed it for the world."

James, Henry. Works.
1874
Eugene Pickering. In : Atlantic monthly ; vol. 34, no 204-205 (Oct.-Nov. 1874).
Chap. 1.
It was as if we had stumbled upon an ancient cupboard in some dusky corner, and rummaged out a heap of childish playthings--tin soldiers and torn story-books, jack-knives and Chinese puzzles. This is what we remembered between us.

1875
A passionate pilgrim, and other tales. (Boston : J.R. Osgood, 1875).
"A memory of the past! There comes back to me a china vase that used to stand on the parlour mantel-shelf when I was a boy, with a portrait of General Jackson painted on one side and a bunch of flowers on the other.

1875
Roderick Hudson. (Boston, Mass. ; New York, N.Y. : Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1875).
Chap. 1
It is still lotus-eating, only you sit down at table, and the lotuses are served up
on rococo china.
He advocated the creation of a public promenade along the sea, with arbors and little green tables for the consumption of beer, and a platform, surrounded by Chinese lanterns, for dancing.

1877
The American. (Boston, Mass. : Houghton, Mifflin, 1877).
Chap. 20.
"It looks," said Newman to himself--and I give the comparison for what it is worth--"like a Chinese penitentiary."

1878
The Europeans : a sketch. (London : Macmillan, 1878).
Chap. 3.
"Remember that I am very fastidious," said the Baroness. "Has he very good manners?"
"He will have them with you. He is a man of the world; he has been to China."
Madame Munster gave a little laugh. "A man of the Chinese world! He must be very interesting."

1879
Hawthorne. (New York, N.Y. : Harper & Bros., 1879).
Chap. 1 Early years.
Salem, at the beginning of the present century, played a great part in the Eastern trade; it was the residence of enterprising shipowners who despatched their vessels to Indian and Chinese seas.

1881
The portrait of a lady. (Boston ; New York, N.Y. : Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1881 ; London : Macmillan, 1881).
Chap. 14.
For what do you take me, pray? Heaven help me, I'm not the Emperor of China!

1884
A little tour in France. (New York, N.Y. : Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1884).
Chap. 15.
The only thing in this particular Musee that I remember is a fine portrait of a woman, by Ingres, - very flat and Chinese, but with an interest of line and a great deal of style.

1885
Pandora. In : The author of Beltraffio, Pandora, Georgina's reasons, The path of duty, Four meetings. (Boston, Mass. : J.R. Osgood, 1885). = Stories revived. (London : Macmillan, 1885).
Count Otto could joke a little on great occasions, and the present one was worthy of his humour. He maintained to his companion that the shallow painted mansion resembled a false house, a "wing" or structure of daubed canvas, on the stage; but she answered him so well with certain economical palaces she had seen in Germany, where, as she said, there was nothing but china stoves and stuffed birds, that he was obliged to allow the home of Washington to be after all really gemuthlich.

1886
The Bostonians. In : Century illustrated monthly magazine ; vol. 29, nos. 4-6 ; vol. 30, nos. 1-6 ; vol. 31, nos 1-4 (1885-1886). = (New York, N.Y. ; London : Macmillan, 1886).
Chap. 27.
"If you rise from this sofa I will tell Olive what I suspect. She will be perfectly capable of carrying Verena off to China--or anywhere out of your reach."
Chap. 37.
She had learned to breathe and move in a rarefied air, as she would have learned to speak Chinese if her success in life had depended upon it; but this dazzling trick, and all her artlessly artful facilities, were not a part of her essence, an expression of her innermost preferences.

1888
The lesson of the master. In : Universal review ; vol. 1, no 3-4 (1888). = The lesson of the master, The marriages, The pupil, Brooksmith, The solution, Sir Edmund Orme. (London ; New York, N.Y. : Macmillan, 1891).
Chap. 1
It marched across from end to end and seemed - with its bright colours, its high panelled windows, its faded flowered chintzes, its quickly-recognised portraits and pictures, the blue-and-white china of its cabinets and the attenuated festoons and rosettes of its ceiling – a cheerful upholstered avenue into the other century.

1888
The reverberato. (London ; New York, N.Y. : Macmillan, 1888).
Chap. 1.
It was a plain clean round pattern face, marked for recognition among so many only perhaps by a small figure, the sprig on a china plate, that might have denoted deep obstinacy; and yet, with its settled smoothness, it was neither stupid nor hard.

1890
The tragic muse. (Boston, Mass. ; New York, N.Y. : Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1890).
Book 1, Chap. 2.
Her view of the gentleman's companions was less operative, save for her soon making the reflexion that they were people whom in any country, from China to Peru, you would immediately have taken for natives.
Chap. 4.
"She's so intelligent that she could judge if she recited Chinese," Peter declared.

1892
The real thing. In : Black and white ; April 16 (1892).
They liked to lay hands on my property, to break the sitting, and sometimes the china--I made them feel Bohemian.

1898
In the cage. (Chicago, Ill. ; New York, N.Y. : H.S. Stone, 1898).
Chap. 14.
He had announced at the earliest day--characterising the whole business, from that moment, as their "plans," under which name he handled it as a Syndicate handles a Chinese or other Loan--he had promptly declared that the question must be thoroughly studied, and he produced, on the whole subject, from day to day, an amount of information that excited her wonder and even, not a little, as she frankly let him know, her disdain.
Chap. 20.
The "anything, anything" she had uttered in the Park went to and fro between them and under the poked-out china that interposed.

1899
The awkward age : a novel. (New York, N.Y. ; London : Harper & Bros., 1899).
Chap. 1.
Suggestive of panelled rooms, of precious mahogany, of portraits of women dead, of coloured china glimmering through glass doors and delicate silver reflected on bared tables, the thing was one of those impressions of a particular period that it takes two centuries to produce.

1902
The wings of the dove. (New York, N.Y. : C. Scribner's Sons, 1902 ; Westminster : A. Constable, 1902).
Chap. 2.
She would have been meanwhile a wonderful lioness for a show, an extraordinary figure in a cage or anywhere; majestic, magnificent, high-coloured, all brilliant gloss, perpetual satin, twinkling bugles and flashing gems, with a lustre of agate eyes, a sheen of raven hair, a polish of complexion that was like that of well-kept china and that--as if the skin were too tight--told especially at curves and corners.

1904
The golden bowl. (New York, N.Y. : Charles Scribner's Sons, 1904).
Vol. 1, Chap. 1.
It mattered little that the girl had continued to demur--it was
the mere play of her joy. "I think he could make you like him in
Chinese."
Vol. 1, Chap. 11.
Treated on such occasions as at best a pair of dangling and merely nominal court-functionaries, picturesque hereditary triflers entitled to the petites entrees but quite external to the State, which began and ended with the Nursery, they could only retire, in quickened sociability, to what was left them of the Palace, there to digest their gilded insignificance and cultivate, in regard to the true Executive, such snuff-taking ironies as might belong to rococo
chamberlains moving among china lap-dogs.

1909
Italian hours. (Boston, Mass. : H. Mifflin, 1909 ; London : W. Heinemann, 1909).
Oman rides.
In some places, where the huge brickwork is black with time and certain strange square towers look down at you with still blue eyes, the Roman sky peering through lidless loopholes,
and there is nothing but white dust in the road and solitude in the air, I might take myself for a wandering Tartar touching on the confines of the Celestial Empire. The wall of China must have very much such a gaunt robustness.

1909
Julia Bride. (New York, N.Y. ; London : Harper, 1909).
But I can't get hold of Mr. Connery--Mr. Connery has gone to China. Besides, if he were here," she had ruefully to confess, "he'd be no good—on the contrary.

Charles Judd ist Missionar der China Inland Mission in Wuchang (Hubei).

Gründung des Shanghai Museum, ein naturhistorisches Museum in Verbindung mit der North China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society.

Lionel Charles Hopkins kommt in Beijing an und arbeitet für die britische Gesandtschaft.

Alexander Frater ist Dolmetscher und handelnder Konsul des britischen Konsulats in Shantou.

Walter Edward King ist Vize-Konsul des britischen Konsulats in Jiujiang.

John Graeme Purdon ist Chairman of the Municipal Council in Shanghai.

J.F. Cordes ist Konsul des britischen Konsulats in Hong Kong.

Carl von Bismarck ist Konsul des deutschen Konsulats in Tianjin.

Friedrich Richard Krauel ist Konsul des deutschen Konsulats in Xiamen.

J.Gratton Cass ist Konsul des amerikanischen Konsulats in Danshui und Jilong.